Subject Pronouns / Les pronoms sujets
| je |
/ʒə/ |
I |
nous |
/nu/ |
We |
| tu |
/ty/ |
You (informal) |
vous |
/vu/ |
You (formal and plural) |
| il
elle
on |
/il/
/ɛl/
/ɔ̃/ |
He
She
One |
ils
elles |
/il/
/ɛl/ |
They (masc.)
They (fem.) |
French Wikibook
Il and
elle can also mean
it when they replace a noun (il replaces masculine nouns, and elle replaces feminine nouns) instead of a person’s name.
Ils and
elles can replace plural nouns as well in the same way. Notice there are two ways to say you.
Tu is used when speaking to children, animals, or close friends and relatives.
Vous is used when speaking to more than one person, or to someone you don’t know or who is older.
On can be translated into English as one, the people, they, you, in the indefinite sense, and it is often used instead of
nous to mean we.
Je is reduced to
j’ before a word beginning with a vowel sound in both formal and informal language.
Tu is reduced to
t’ before a vowel sound in informal language only.
Tutoyer and
vouvoyer are two verbs that have no direct translation into English.
Tutoyer means to use
tu or be informal with someone, while
vouvoyer means to use
vous or be formal with someone.
French Verb Conjugations: To Be & To Have / Être & Avoir
Present tense of être /ɛtʀ/ – to be
| I am |
je suis |
/ʒə sɥi/ |
We are |
nous sommes |
/nu sɔm/ |
| You are |
tu es |
/ty ɛ/ |
You are |
vous êtes |
/vu zɛt/ |
| He is
She is
One is |
il est
elle est
on est |
/il ɛ/
/ɛl ɛ/
/ɔ̃ nɛ/ |
They are
They are |
ils sont
elles sont |
/il sɔ̃/
/ɛl sɔ̃/ |
Past tense of être – to be
| I was |
j’étais |
/ʒetɛ/ |
We were |
nous étions |
/nu zetjɔ̃/ |
| You were |
tu étais |
/tu etɛ/ |
You were |
vous étiez |
/vu zetje/ |
| He was
She was
One was |
il était
elle était
on était |
/il etɛ/
/ɛl etɛ/
/ɔ̃ netɛ/ |
They were
They were |
ils étaient
elles étaient |
/il zetɛ/
/ɛl zetɛ/ |
Je and any verb form that starts with a vowel (or silent h) combine together for ease of pronunciation.
Future Tense of être – to be
| I will be |
je serai |
/ʒə səʀe/ |
We will be |
nous serons |
/nu səʀɔ̃/ |
| You will be |
tu seras |
/ty səʀa/ |
You will be |
vous serez |
/vu səʀe/ |
| He will be
She will be
One will be |
il sera
elle sera
on sera |
/il səʀa/
/ɛl səʀa/
/ɔ̃ səʀa/ |
They will be
They will be |
ils seront
elles seront |
/il səʀɔ̃/
/ɛl səʀɔ̃/ |
Present tense of avoir /avwaʀ/ – to have
| I have |
j’ai |
/ʒe/ |
We have |
nous avons |
/nu zavɔ̃/ |
| You have |
tu as |
/ty ɑ/ |
You have |
vous avez |
/vu zave/ |
| He has
She has
One has |
il a
elle a
on a |
/il ɑ/
/ɛl ɑ/
/ɔ̃ nɑ/ |
They have
They have |
ils ont
elles ont |
/il zɔ̃/
/ɛl zɔ̃/ |
Past tense of avoir – to have
| I had |
j’avais |
/ʒavɛ/ |
We had |
nous avions |
/nu zavjɔ̃/ |
| You had |
tu avais |
/ty avɛ/ |
You had |
vous aviez |
/vu zavje/ |
| He had
She had
One had |
il avait
elle avait
on avait |
/il avɛ/
/ɛl avɛ/
/ɔ̃ navɛ/ |
They had |
ils avaient
elles avaient |
/il zavɛ/
/ɛl zavɛ/ |
Future tense of avoir – to have
| I will have |
j’aurai |
/ʒoʀe/ |
We will have |
nous aurons |
/nu zoʀɔ̃/ |
| You will have |
tu auras |
/ty oʀɑ/ |
You will have |
vous aurez |
/vu zoʀe/ |
| He will have
She will have
One will have |
il aura
elle aura
on aura |
/il oʀa/
/ɛl oʀa/
/ɔ̃ noʀa/ |
They will have
They will have |
ils auront
elles auront |
/il zoʀɔ̃/
/ɛl zoʀɔ̃/ |
In informal French, the tu forms of verbs that begin with a vowel contract with the pronoun: tu es =
t’es /tɛ/, tu as =
t’as /tɑ/, etc. In addition, it is very common to use
on (plus 3rd person singular conjugation) to mean we instead of nous.
Common Expressions with avoir and Etre
Avoir and être are used in many common and idiomatic expressions that should be memorized:
| avoir chaud |
/avwaʀ ʃo/ |
to be hot |
être de retour |
/ɛtʀ də ʀətuʀ/ |
to be back |
| avoir froid |
/avwaʀ fʀwa/ |
to be cold |
être en retard |
/ɛtʀ ɑ̃ ʀətaʀ/ |
to be late |
| avoir peur |
/avwaʀ pœʀ/ |
to be afraid |
être en avance |
/ɛtʀ ɑ̃ navɑ̃s/ |
to be early |
| avoir raison |
/avwaʀ ʀɛzɔ̃/ |
to be right |
être d’accord |
/ɛtʀ dakɔʀ/ |
to be in agreement |
| avoir tort |
/avwaʀ tɔʀ/ |
to be wrong |
être sur le point de |
/ɛtʀ syʀ lə pwɛ̃ də/ |
to be about to |
| avoir faim |
/avwaʀ fɛ̃/ |
to be hungry |
être en train de |
/ɛtʀ ɑ̃ tʀɛ̃ də/ |
to be in the act of |
| avoir soif |
/avwaʀ swaf/ |
to be thirsty |
être enrhumée |
/ɛtʀ ɑ̃ʀyme/ |
to have a cold |
| avoir sommeil |
/avwaʀ sɔmɛj/ |
to be sleepy |
nous + être (un jour) |
/ɛtʀ œ̃̃̃ ʒuʀ/ |
to be (a day) |
| avoir honte |
/avwaʀ ʽɔ̃t/ |
to be ashamed |
|
|
|
| avoir besoin de |
/avwaʀ bəzwɛ̃ də/ |
to need |
|
|
|
| avoir l’air de |
/avwaʀ ɛʀ də/ |
to look like, seem |
|
|
|
| avoir l’intention de |
/avwaʀ ɛ̃tɑ̃sjɔ̃/ |
to intend to |
|
|
|
| avoir envie de |
/avwaʀ ɑ̃vi də/ |
to feel like |
|
|
|
| avoir de la chance |
/avwaʀ də la ʃɑ̃s/ |
to be lucky |
|
|
|
| J’ai froid. I’m cold.
Tu avais raison. You were right.
Il aura sommeil ce soir. He will be tired tonight.
Elle a de la chance ! She’s lucky!
Nous aurons faim plus tard. We will be hungry later.
Vous aviez tort. You were wrong.
Ils ont chaud. They are hot.
Elles avaient peur hier. They were afraid yesterday. |
Je suis en retard! I’m late!
Tu étais en avance. You were early.
Elle sera d’accord. She will agree.
Nous sommes lundi. It is Monday.
Vous étiez enrhumé. You had a cold.
Ils seront en train d’étudier. They will be (in the act of) studying.
Elles étaient sur le point de partir. They were about to leave.
On est de retour. We/you/they/the people are back. |
French Question Words / Les interrogatifs
| Who |
Qui |
/ki/ |
| What |
Quoi |
/kwa/ |
| Why |
Pourquoi |
/puʀkwa/ |
| When |
Quand |
/kɑ̃/ |
| Where |
Où |
/u/ |
| How |
Comment |
/kɔmɑ̃/ |
| How much / many |
Combien |
/kɔ̃bjɛ̃/ |
| Which / what |
Quel(le) |
/kɛl/ |
French Numbers / Les nombres cardinaux
| Zero |
Zéro |
/zeʀo/ |
| One |
Un |
/œ̃̃̃/ |
| Two |
Deux |
/dø/ |
| Three |
Trois |
/tʀwɑ/ |
| Four |
Quatre |
/katʀ/ |
| Five |
Cinq |
/sɛ̃k/ |
| Six |
Six |
/sis/ |
| Seven |
Sept |
/sɛt/ |
| Eight |
Huit |
/ʽɥit/ |
| Nine |
Neuf |
/nœf/ |
| Ten |
Dix |
/dis/ |
| Eleven |
Onze |
/ɔ̃z/ |
| Twelve |
Douze |
/duz/ |
| Thirteen |
Treize |
/tʀɛz/ |
| Fourteen |
Quatorze |
/katɔʀz/ |
| Fifteen |
Quinze |
/kɛ̃z/ |
| Sixteen |
Seize |
/sɛz/ |
| Seventeen |
Dix-sept |
/disɛt/ |
| Eighteen |
Dix-huit |
/dizɥit/ |
| Nineteen |
Dix-neuf |
/diznœf/ |
| Twenty |
Vingt |
/vɛ̃/ |
| Twenty-one |
Vingt et un |
/vɛ̃t e œ̃̃̃/ |
| Twenty-two |
Vingt-deux |
/vɛ̃ dø/ |
| Twenty-three |
Vingt-trois |
/vɛ̃ tʀwɑ/ |
| Thirty |
Trente |
/tʀɑ̃t/ |
| Thirty-one |
Trente et un |
/tʀɑ̃t e œ̃̃̃/̃/ |
| Thirty-two |
Trente-deux |
/tʀɑ̃t dø/ |
| Forty |
Quarante |
/kaʀɑ̃t/ |
| Fifty |
Cinquante |
/sɛ̃kɑ̃t/ |
| Sixty |
Soixante |
/swasɑ̃t/ |
| Seventy |
Soixante-dix |
/swasɑ̃tdis/ |
| (Belgium & Switzerland) |
Septante |
/sɛptɑ̃t/ |
| Seventy-one |
Soixante et onze |
/swasɑ̃t e ɔ̃z/ |
| Seventy-two |
Soixante-douze |
/swasɑ̃t duz/ |
| Eighty |
Quatre-vingts |
/katʀəvɛ̃/ |
| (Belgium & Switzerland) |
Octante |
/ɔktɑ̃t/ |
| Eighty-one |
Quatre-vingt-un |
/katʀəvɛ̃ tœ̃̃̃/ |
| Eighty-two |
Quatre-vingt-deux |
/katʀəvɛ̃ dø/ |
| Ninety |
Quatre-vingt-dix |
/katʀəvɛ̃ dis/ |
| (Belgium & Switzerland) |
Nonante |
/nɔnɑ̃t/ |
| Ninety-one |
Quatre-vingt-onze |
/katʀəvɛ̃ ɔ̃z/ |
| Ninety-two |
Quatre-vingt-douze |
/katʀəvɛ̃ duz/ |
| One Hundred |
Cent |
/sɑ̃/ |
| One Hundred One |
Cent un |
/sɑ̃ tœ̃̃̃/ |
| Two Hundred |
Deux cents |
/dø sɑ̃/ |
| Two Hundred One |
Deux cent un |
/dø sɑ̃ tœ̃̃̃/ |
| Thousand |
Mille |
/mil/ |
| Two Thousand |
Deux mille |
/dø mil/ |
| Million |
Un million |
/õ miljɔ̃/ |
| Billion |
Un milliard |
/õ miljaʀ/ |
French switches the use of commas and periods. 1,00 would be 1.00 in English. Belgian and Swiss French use septante and nonante in place of the standard French words for 70 and 90 (though some parts of Switzerland use huitante for 80 and octante is barely used anymore). Also, when the numbers 5, 6, 8, and 10 are used before a word beginning with a consonant, their final consonants are not pronounced. Phone numbers in France are ten digits, beginning with 01, 02, 03, 04, or 05 depending on the geographical region, or 06 and 07 for cell phones. They are written two digits at a time, and pronounced thus: 01 36 55 89 28 = zéro un, trente-six, cinquante-cinq, quatre-vingt-neuf, vingt-huit.
Ordinal Numbers / Les nombres ordinaux
| first |
premier / première |
| second |
deuxième / second |
| third |
troisième |
| fourth |
quatrième |
| fifth |
cinquième |
| sixth |
sixième |
| seventh |
septième |
| eighth |
huitième |
| ninth |
neuvième |
| tenth |
dixième |
| eleventh |
onzième |
| twelfth |
douzième |
| twentieth |
vingtième |
| twenty-first |
vingt et unième |
| thirtieth |
trentième |
The majority of numbers become ordinals by adding -ième. But if a number ends in an e, you must drop it before adding the -ième. After a q, you must add a u before the -ième. And an f becomes a v before the -ième.
French Days of the Week / Les jours de la semaine
| Monday |
lundi |
/lœ̃di/ |
| Tuesday |
mardi |
/maʀdi/ |
| Wednesday |
mercredi |
/mɛʀkʀədi/ |
| Thursday |
jeudi |
/ʒødi/ |
| Friday |
vendredi |
/vɑ̃dʀədi/ |
| Saturday |
samedi |
/samdi/ |
| Sunday |
dimanche |
/dimɑ̃ʃ/ |
| day |
le jour |
/lə ʒuʀ/ |
| week |
la semaine |
/la s(ə)mɛn/ |
| today |
aujourd’hui |
/oʒuʀdɥi/ |
| yesterday |
hier |
/jɛʀ/ |
| tomorrow |
demain |
/dəmɛ̃/ |
| next |
prochain / prochaine |
/pʀɔʃɛ̃/ /pʀɔʃɛn/ |
| last |
dernier / dernière |
/dɛʀnje/ /dɛʀnjɛʀ/ |
| day before yesterday |
avant-hier |
/avɑ̃tjɛʀ/ |
| day after tomorrow |
après-demain |
/apʀɛdmɛ̃/ |
| the following day |
le lendemain |
/lə lɑ̃dəmɛ̃/ |
| the day before |
la veille |
/la vɛj/ |
Articles are not used before days, except to express something that happens habitually on a certain day, such as
le lundi
= on Mondays. Days of the week are all masculine in gender and they are not capitalized in writing.
French Months of the Year / Les mois de l’année
| January |
janvier |
/ʒɑ̃vje/ |
| February |
février |
/fevʀije/ |
| March |
mars |
/maʀs/ |
| April |
avril |
/avʀil/ |
| May |
mai |
/mɛ/ |
| June |
juin |
/ʒɥɛ̃/ |
| July |
juillet |
/ʒɥijɛ/ |
| August |
août |
/u(t)/ |
| September |
septembre |
/sɛptɑ̃bʀ/ |
| October |
octobre |
/ɔktɔbʀ/ |
| November |
novembre |
/nɔvɑ̃bʀ/ |
| December |
décembre |
/desɑ̃bʀ/ |
| month |
le mois |
/lə mwa/ |
| year |
l’an / l’année |
/lɑ̃/ /lane/ |
| decade |
la décennie |
/deseni/ |
| century |
le siècle |
/lə sjɛkl/ |
| millennium |
le millénaire |
/milenɛʀ/ |
To express in a certain month, such as
in May, use
en before the month as in “en mai.” With dates, the ordinal numbers are not used, except for the first of the month:
le premier mai but
le deux juin. Also note that months are all masculine and not capitalized in French (same as days of the week).
French Seasons / Les saisons
| Summer |
l’été |
/lete/ |
in the summer |
en été |
/ɑ̃ nete/ |
| Fall |
l’automne |
/lotɔn/ |
in the fall |
en automne |
/ɑ̃ notɔn/ |
| Winter |
l’hiver |
/livɛʀ/ |
in the winter |
en hiver |
/ɑ̃ nivɛʀ/ |
| Spring |
le printemps |
/lə pʀɛ̃tɑ̃/ |
in the spring |
au printemps |
/o prɛ̃tɑ̃/ |
French Directions / Les directions
| on the left |
à gauche |
/a goʃ/ |
| on the right |
à droite |
/a dʀwɑt/ |
| straight ahead |
tout droit |
/tu dʀwɑ/ |
| North |
le nord |
/lə nɔʀ/ |
Northeast |
le nord-est |
/lə nɔʀ(d)ɛst/ |
| South |
le sud |
/lə syd/ |
Northwest |
le nord-ouest |
/lə nɔʀ(d)wɛst/ |
| East |
l’est |
/lɛst/ |
Southeast |
le sud-est |
/sydɛst/ |
| West |
l’ouest |
/lwɛst/ |
Southwest |
le sud-ouest |
/sydwɛst/ |
French Colors and Shapes / Les couleurs et les formes
| Red |
rouge |
/ʀuʒ/ |
square |
le carré |
/kaʀe/ |
| Orange |
orange |
/ɔʀɑ̃ʒ/ |
circle |
le cercle |
/sɛʀkl/ |
| Yellow |
jaune |
/ʒon/ |
triangle |
le triangle |
/tʀijɑ̃gl/ |
| Green |
vert / verte |
/vɛʀ/ /vɛʀt/ |
rectangle |
le rectangle |
/ʀɛktɑ̃gl/ |
| Blue |
bleu / bleue |
/blø/ |
oval |
l’ovale |
/ɔval/ |
| Purple |
violet / violette |
/vjɔlɛ/ /vjɔlɛt/ |
cube |
le cube |
/kyb/ |
| White |
blanc / blanche |
/blɑ̃/ /blɑ̃ʃ/ |
sphere |
la sphère |
/sfɛʀ/ |
| Brown |
brun / brune
marron |
/bʀõ/ /bʀyn/
/maʀɔ̃/ |
cylinder |
le cylindre |
/silɛ̃dʀ/ |
| Black |
noir / noire |
/nwaʀ/ |
cone |
le cône |
/kon/ |
| Pink |
rose |
/ʀoz/ |
octagon |
l’octogone |
/ɔktogɔn/ |
| Gold |
doré / dorée |
/dɔʀe/ |
box |
la boîte |
/bwat/ |
| Silver |
argenté / argentée |
/aʀʒɑ̃te/ |
light |
clair / claire |
/klɛʀ/ |
| Gray |
gris / grise |
/gʀi/ /gʀiz/ |
dark |
foncé / foncée |
/fɔ̃se/ |
Some adjectives of color do not change to agree with gender or number, such as adjectives that also exist as nouns:
orange, marron, rose; and compound adjectives:
bleu clair, noir foncé remain masculine even if they describe a feminine noun. Remember to place the color adjective after the noun.
French Weather Expressions / Le temps qu’il fait
| What’s the weather like? |
Quel temps fait-il ? |
/kɛl tɑ̃ fɛ til/ |
| It’s nice |
Il fait bon |
/il fɛ bɔ̃/ |
| bad |
Il fait mauvais |
/il fɛ mɔve/ |
| cool |
Il fait frais |
/il fɛ fʀɛ/ |
| cold |
Il fait froid |
/il fɛ fʀwɑ/ |
| warm, hot |
Il fait chaud |
/il fɛ ʃo/ |
| cloudy |
Il fait nuageux |
/il fɛ nyaʒ/ |
| beautiful |
Il fait beau |
/il fɛ bo/ |
| mild |
Il fait doux |
/il fɛ du/ |
| stormy |
Il fait orageux |
/il fɛ ɔʀaʒ/ |
| sunny |
Il fait soleil |
/il fɛ sɔlɛj/ |
| humid |
Il fait humide |
/il fɛ ymid/ |
| muggy |
Il fait lourd |
/il fɛ luʀ/ |
| windy |
Il fait du vent |
/il fɛ dy vɑ̃/ |
| foggy |
Il fait du brouillard |
/il fɛ dy bʀujaʀ/ |
| snowing |
Il neige |
/il nɛʒ/ |
| raining |
Il pleut |
/il plø/ |
| freezing |
Il gèle |
/il ʒɛl/ |
| hailing |
Il grêle |
/il gʀɛl/ |
| It is ____ degrees. |
Il fait ____ degrés. |
/il fɛ __ dəgʀe/ |
Il pleut des cordes /il plø de koʀd/ is a common expression meaning
it’s pouring.
Il caille /il kaj/ or
ça caille /sa kaj/ is slang for it’s freezing. French-speaking countries use Celcius for degrees.
French Time Expressions / Le temps qui passe
| What time is it? |
Quelle heure est-il ? |
/kɛl œʀ ɛ til/ |
| It is… |
Il est… |
/il ɛ/ |
| one o’clock |
une heure |
/yn œʀ/ |
| two o’clock |
deux heures |
/dø zœʀ/ |
| noon |
midi |
/midi/ |
| midnight |
minuit |
/minɥi/ |
| a quarter after three |
trois heures et quart |
/tʀwɑ zœʀ e kaʀ/ |
| one o’clock sharp |
une heure précise |
/yn œʀ pʀesiz/ |
| four o’clock sharp |
quatre heures précises |
/katʀœʀ pʀesiz/ |
| twelve thirty |
midi (minuit) et demi |
/midi (minɥi) e dəmi/ |
| six thirty |
six heures et demie |
/si zœʀ e dəmi/ |
| a quarter to seven |
sept heures moins le quart |
/sɛt œʀ mwɛ̃ lə kaʀ/ |
| five twenty |
cinq heures vingt |
/sɛ̃k œʀ vɛ̃/ |
| ten fifty |
onze heures moins dix |
/ɔ̃z œʀ mwɛ̃ dis/ |
| in the morning/AM |
du matin |
/dy matɛ̃/ |
| in the afternoon/PM |
de l’après-midi |
/də lapʀɛmidi/ |
| in the evening/PM |
du soir |
/dy swaʀ/ |
Official French time is expressed as military time (24 hour clock.) You can only use regular numbers, and not demi, quart, etc. when reporting time with the 24 hour system. For example, if it is 18h30, you must say
dix-huit heures trente. The word
pile /pil/ is also a more informal way of saying
précise (exactly, sharp).
French Family and Animals / La famille et les animaux
| Family |
la famille |
/famij/ |
| Relatives |
des parents |
/paʀɑ̃/ |
| Parents |
les parents |
/paʀɑ̃/ |
| Grandparents |
les grands-parents |
/gʀɑ̃paʀɑ̃/ |
| Mom |
la mère / maman |
/mɛʀ/ /mɑmɑ̃/ |
| Stepmother/Mother-in-Law |
la belle-mère |
/bɛlmɛʀ/ |
| Dad |
le père / papa |
/pɛʀ/ /papa/ |
| Stepfather/Father-in-Law |
le beau-père |
/bopɛʀ/ |
| Daughter |
la fille |
/fij/ |
| Son |
le fils |
/fis/ |
| Sister |
la sœur |
/sœʀ/ |
| Half/Step Sister |
la demi-sœur |
/dəmi sœʀ/ |
| Sister-in-Law |
la belle-sœur |
/bɛlsœʀ/ |
| Stepdaughter/Daughter-in-Law |
la belle-fille |
/bɛl fij/ |
| Brother |
le frère |
/fʀɛʀ/ |
| Half/Step Brother |
le demi-frère |
/dəmi fʀɛʀ/ |
| Brother-in-Law |
le beau-frère |
/bo fʀɛʀ/ |
| Stepson/Son-in-Law |
le beau-fils |
/bo fis/ |
| Twins (m) |
les jumeaux |
/ʒymo/ |
| Twins (f) |
les jumelles |
/ʒymɛl/ |
| Uncle |
l’oncle |
/ɔ̃kl/ |
| Aunt |
la tante |
/tɑ̃t/ |
| Grandmother |
la grand-mère |
/gʀɑ̃mɛʀ/ |
| Grandfather |
le grand-père |
/gʀɑ̃pɛʀ/ |
| Cousin (f) |
la cousine |
/kuzin/ |
| Cousin (m) |
le cousin |
/kuzɛ̃/ |
| Wife |
la femme |
/fam/ |
| Husband |
le mari |
/maʀi/ |
| Woman |
la femme |
/fam/ |
| Man |
l’homme |
/ɔm/ |
| Child (m) / (f) |
un enfant / une enfant |
/ɑ̃fɑ̃/ |
| Girl |
la fille |
/fij/ |
| Boy |
le garçon |
/gaʀsɔ̃/ |
| Niece |
la nièce |
/njɛs/ |
| Nephew |
le neveu |
/n(ə)vœ/ |
| Grandchildren |
les petits-enfants |
/p(ə)tizɑ̃fɑ̃/ |
| Granddaughter |
la petite-fille |
/p(ə)tit fij/ |
| Grandson |
le petit-fils |
/p(ə)tifis/ |
| Godfather |
le parrain |
/paʀɛ̃/ |
| Godmother |
la marraine |
/maʀɛn/ |
| Godson |
le filleul |
/fijœl/ |
| Goddaughter |
la filleule |
/fijœl/ |
| Distant Relatives |
des parents éloignés |
/paʀɑ̃ elwaɲe/ |
| Single |
célibataire |
/selibatɛʀ/ |
| Married |
marié(e) |
/maʀje/ |
| Separated |
séparé(e) |
/sepaʀe/ |
| Divorced |
divorcé(e) |
/divɔʀse/ |
| Widower |
veuf |
/vœf/ |
| Widow |
veuve |
/vœv/ |
|
|
|
| Dog |
le chien / la chienne (m) / (f) |
/ʃjɛ̃/ /ʃjɛn/ |
| Cat |
le chat / la chatte (m) / (f) |
/ʃa/ /ʃat/ |
| Puppy |
le chiot |
/ʃjo/ |
| Kitten |
le chaton |
/ʃatɔ̃/ |
| Pig |
le cochon |
/kɔʃɔ̃/ |
| Rooster |
le coq |
/kɔk/ |
| Rabbit |
le lapin |
/lapɛ̃/ |
| Cow |
la vache |
/vaʃ/ |
| Horse |
le cheval |
/ʃ(ə)val/ |
| Duck |
le canard |
/kanaʀ/ |
| Goat |
la chèvre |
/ʃɛvʀ/ |
| Goose |
l’oie |
/wa/ |
| Sheep |
le mouton |
/mutɔ̃/ |
| Lamb |
l’agneau |
/aɲo/ |
| Donkey |
l’âne |
/ɑn/ |
| Mouse |
la souris |
/suʀi/ |
Le gendre /ʒɑ̃dʀ/ is another word for son-in-law.
Slang words for people and pets:
| The entire family |
toute la smala |
/tut la smala/ |
Sister |
la frangine |
/fʀɑ̃ʒin/ |
| Grandma |
mémé / mamie |
/meme/ /mami/ |
Brother |
le frangin |
/fʀɑ̃ʒɛ̃/ |
| Grandpa |
pépé / papi |
/pepe/ /papi/ |
Son |
le fiston |
/fistɔ̃/ |
| Children |
des gosses |
/gɔs/ |
Aunt |
tata / tatie |
/tata/ /tati/ |
| Kid |
un gamin / une gamine |
/gamɛ̃/ /gamin/ |
Uncle |
tonton |
/tɔ̃tɔ̃/ |
| Woman |
une nana |
/nana/ |
Dog |
le cabot / clébard |
/kabo/ /klebaʀ/ |
| Man |
un mec / type / gars |
/mɛk/ /tip/ /gaʀ/ |
Cat |
le minou |
/minu/ |
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