General

E Mail Writing in English

E Mail Writing in English: Email is the most common form of business communication; so it’s important to get it right. Although emails usually aren’t as formal as letters, they still need to be professional to present a good image of you and your company.

How to write a formal email

Follow these five simple steps to make sure your English emails are perfectly professional.
  1. Begin with a greeting
  2. Thank the recipient
  3. State your purpose
  4. Add your closing remarks
  5. End with a closing
E Mail Writing in English

Begin with a greeting

Always open your email with a greeting, such as “Dear Lillian”. If your relationship with the reader is formal, use their family name (eg. “Dear Mrs. Price”). If the relationship is more casual, you can simply say, “Hi Kelly”. If you don’t know the name of the person you are writing to, use: “To whom it may concern” or “Dear Sir/Madam”. Subject Line
  1. Always have a subject line that summarises briefly and clearly the contents of the message (example: Re:                      Summary of Our Meeting with ABC Suppliers). There are many variations of greetings that you can start your email with, but the most standard ones are:            Dear Firstname Lastname            Dear Mr./Ms. Lastname            Dear Mr./Ms. Firstname Lastname            Dear Dr. Lastname            To whom it may concern
         It is always important to have a contact name, unless a recipient is unknown ( in “to whom it may concern” case). If needed, don’t be shy to call and ask for the person’s name. Some people use informal salutations, such as “Good morning” or “Hi“. It totally depends on how formal your relationships are.  
  1. Think of who your reader is going to be

    Is it a colleague, a client or your boss? Should the email be informal or formal? Most business emails these days have a neutral tone. Note the difference between Informal and Formal: Informal – Thanks for emailing me on 15th February Formal – Thank you for your email dated 15th February Informal – Sorry, I can’t make it. Formal – I am afraid I will not be able to attend Informal – Can you…? Formal – I was wondering if you could….?
  1. Some emails to colleagues can be informal if you have a long working relationship and know them well. This is the style that is closest to speech, so there are often everyday words and conversational expressions that can be used. For instance, ‘Don’t forget’‘Catch you later’‘Cheers’. The reader may also accept or overlook minor grammatical errors in informal emails. However, if the email is going to a client or senior colleague, bad grammar and an over-friendly writing style will most probably not be acceptable. If you are replying to a client’s inquiry, you should begin with a line of thanks. For example, if someone has a question about your company, you can say, “Thank you for contacting ABC Company”. If someone has replied to one of your emails, be sure to say, “Thank you for your prompt reply” or “Thanks for getting back to me”. Thanking the reader puts him or her at ease, and it will make you appear more polite.
  2. Think about how direct or indirect you want to be

    In some cultures, it is common practice to be very direct in email correspondence. However, this can cause a problem if you’re writing to someone in another country and in a language that is not your mother tongue. They might find your directness rude and possibly offensive. Consider these: Direct – I need this in half an hour. Indirect and polite – Would it be possible to have this in half an hour? Direct – There will be a delay Indirect – I’m afraid there may be a slight delay. Direct – It’s a bad idea Indirect – To be honest, I’m not sure if that would be a good idea. By adjusting your tone, you are more likely to get a positive response from your reader.

    State your purpose

    If you are starting the email communication, it may be impossible to include a line of thanks. Instead, begin by stating your purpose. For example, “I am writing to enquire about …” or “I am writing in reference to …”. Make your purpose clear early on in the email, and then move into the main text of your email. Remember, people want to read emails quickly, so keep your sentences short and clear. You’ll also need to pay careful attention to grammar, spelling and punctuation so that you present a professional image of yourself and your company.
  3. Add your closing remarks

    Before you end your email, it’s polite to thank your reader one more time and add some polite closing remarks. You might start with “Thank you for your patience and cooperation” or “Thank you for your consideration” and then follow up with, “If you have any questions or concerns, don’t hesitate to let me know” and “I look forward to hearing from you”.
  1. End with a closing

    The last step is to include an appropriate closing with your name. “Best regards”“Sincerely”, and “Thank you” are all professional. Avoid closings such as “Best wishes” or “Cheers” unless you are good friends with the reader. Finally, before you hit the send button, review and spell check your email one more time to make sure it’s truly perfect!

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IELTS Writing Test Band 9.0 Sample Essays

IELTS Writing Test Band 9.0 Sample Essays Parents often give children everything they ask for and do what they like. Is it good for children? What are the consequences when they grow up? Sample 1 : 9 Band Indulging children has been a common parenting problem in many modern families. From my perspective, this practice exerts some immediate adverse impacts on children and also results in long-term consequences for them. In the short term, it is possible that over-indulgence causes some delay to the process in which children learn important life skills. This can be seen in a variety of age groups, ranging from toddlers to teenagers. For example, many over-caring parents spoon-feed their children until they are five or six, the developmental stage in which they should have already been able to eat independently. There is also a common practice that parents assist their pre-adolescent children in taking a bath or a shower. As a result, children may fail to acquire basic personal hygiene skills at the right time. In the long run, the consequences are even direr as over-indulged children grow up. If parents unconditionally satisfy all the needs of their children, they may have inadvertently made their children become over-dependent on other people. When these children enter adulthood, the inability to live independently can cause some difficulties for them to maintain their overall well-being, for instance, they may be unaware of what to do when they catch a fever. Furthermore, it is a norm that over-indulgent parents are lenient and do not require children to face the consequences of their misbehaviour. In general, this deprives children ofthe opportunities to learn from mistakes, which may cause their problem solving skills to be severely lacking in the future. From the issues outlined above, one can conclude that over-indulgence may produce a number of unfavourable effects on children, including the delay in gaining crucial life skills such as self-feeding and the long-term consequence of lacking the ability to cope withproblems as adults in the future.

Useful Vocabulary, Collocations & Expressions for IELTS Writing

Parenting (adj) the raising of a child by its parents Exert negative/adverse impact/influence on (phrase) have a bad effect on Result in (verb) lead to In the short term (phrase) during the period of time that is not very far into the future Over-indulgence (n) to allow someone to do or have whatever they want Life skills (n) skills that are needed to deal effectively with the challenges of everyday life, at school, at work and in personal relationships Spoon-feed (phrase)  Development stages (phrase)  theoretical milestones of child development In the long run (phrase) during the period of time that is far into the future Inadvertently (adv) not deliberately, and without realizing what you are doing Lenient (adj) permissive, merciful, or tolerant Deprive of (verb) if you deprive someone of something, you take it away from them or preventthem from having it

Band 9.0 Sample 2

Today, there is a growing trend among parents towards trying to accommodate their children’s every demand and giving them more personal freedom. In this essay, I am going to demonstrate how this child-rearing practice is detrimental to children before arguing that its repercussions may reverberate in their adulthood. Parents may wean their kids on an over-reliant lifestyle by fulfilling all of their wishes.Kids who are granted every request typically develop a habit of pestering and relying on their parents for everything. This dependence may deprive them of the motivation to strive in life, which may take a heavy toll on their school performance, for example. As these children become grown-ups, the inability to lead an independent lifestyle will cause them to struggle in many facets of life. For instance, people who are given generous allowances when they are small are unlikely to be able to budget and manage their personal finances. This is an example of the adverse impacts that parents’ over-indulgence may have on small kids. In addition to spoiling children, entitling them to too much personal freedom may also result in dire consequences. People’s personality is shaped at an early age, and without parents’ close supervision, children may be vulnerable to negative influences and adopt harmful habits. For example, many children use profanities from as early as primary school because their parents allow them to play video games at Internet shops where cussing is the norm. This type of behaviors, which often incites disobedience and recklessness, may be the precursor to an adulthood of crime. In fact, it has been shown that many criminals began rebelling and committing illegal acts from a young age as a result of their parents’ negligence. This is a testament to how an unsupervised childhood may cause small kids to suffer serious consequences as they become adults. In conclusion, granting children all of their wishes may do serious harm to their personal development, and thus this practice should be rejected to ensure a healthy lifestyle for their kids.

Useful Vocabulary, Collocations & Expressions for IELTS Writing

A growing trend towards (phrase) to move gradually toward something Accommodate one’s demand  (phrase) making an adjustment to suit a particular demand Child-rearing (adj) parenting Repercussion (n) a bad effect that something has, usually lasting for a long time Reverberate (verb)  to have an effect that spreads over a wide area or lasts for a long time Wean someone on something to make someone get used to something when they are young Have/develop a habit of (doing) something Pester (verb) to keep annoying someone, especially by asking them for something or asking them to do something Take a heavy toll on (phrase) have an adverse effect on something Vulnerable to something (adj)  able to be easily physically, emotionally, or mentally  influenced Profanity (noun) a word or language that is offensive because it is rude Recklessness (noun) not thinking about the possible bad effects of your actions Precursor (noun) something that exists before something else, and is related to it or influences its development Testament (noun) something that serves as a sign or evidence of a specified fact ]]>

Academic IELTS Writing Task 2 & Band 8.5 Discursive Essay

Academic IELTS Writing Task 2 & Band 8.5 Discursive Essay Many developing countries require aid from international organisations to develop. Many people think that this aid should be financial, while others think that practical aid and advice are more useful. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. Sample Band 8.5 People have different views about the kind of support that wealthy nations should provide for poorer ones. Although some say that non-financial support is beneficial for poor countries, my own view is that international aid should be in the form of financial assistance. There are several reasons to believe that practical assistance and advice are what developing countries need. Firstly, an effective education system is a key factor in the growth of a country, so advice on how to build such a system should be given to less wealthy countries. For example, since the [your country name] school curriculum focuses heavily on theories, students cannot apply what they learn into practice and come up with creative ideas, which is why the country fails to make technological and economic progress. Advice and instructions from developed countries are therefore expected to help [your country name] improve their education system. Secondly, foreign assistance can also be given in terms of providing human resources. By having an additional number of well-educated and knowledgeable individuals work in their nations, hopefully less developed countries can escape from poverty.  However, I believe that financial support would be more useful for poorer nations. One argument is that even valuable ideas for education reform may be irrelevant if a country is financially disadvantaged. In the aforementioned example about [your country name], while it seems beneficial to re-organise the education system, this cannot happen in the short runbecause there are a variety of costs associated with education reform, such as purchasing learning tools and training teachers. Furthermore, financial resources provided by rich countries may help poorer ones invest in medical and scientific research. If a sufficient amount of money is spent on these areas, technological advances are significantly more likely to be made, and such innovations can help improve the economic growth of a nation. In conclusion, while some people argue that foreign aid given to poor countries should be non-financial, it seems to me that it is financial support that helps these nations escape from poverty. ]]>

Separable verbs in German

Separable verbs in German (Trennbare Verben) One of the things that is the most surprising (and exasperating) when you start learning German is the idea of a separable verb. We’re going to look at what they are and how to conjugate them in more detail. They are similar to phrasal verbs in English.

Introduction to Separable Verbs

For these verbs, the particle is separated and placed at the end of the clause for simple verb tenses (as long as the clause is not subordinate or relative). Let´s look at the separable verb “absagen” (cancel) as an example. The verb is formed by the particle ab and the verb sagen. “Sagen” alone means to say, but together with the particle “ab” it means “cancel”.

Er sagt ein Konzert ab  He cancelled the concert

As you can observe in this example, the particle “ab” is placed at the end of the clause. This property of separating only takes place in verb tenses that do not have an auxiliary verb (helping verb).

Präsens (present)

Person Conjugation Translation
ich sag-e […] ab I cancel
du sag-st […] ab you cancel
er/sie/es sag-t […] ab he/she/it cancels
wir sag-en […] ab we cancel
ihr sag-t […] ab you cancel (speaking to a group)
sie sag-en […] ab they cancel

Präteritum (past simple)

Person Conjugation Translation
ich sag-t-e […] ab I cancelled
du sag-te-st[…] ab you cancelled
er/sie/es sag-t-e […] ab he/she/it cancelled
wir sag-t-en […] ab we cancelled
ihr sag-te-t […] ab you cancelled
sie sag-t-en […] ab they cancelled

Imperativ (Imperative)

Person Conjugation Translation
2nd person singular sag […] ab cancel
1st person plural sag-en wir […] ab Let’s cancel
2nd person plural sag-t […] ab cancel
polite form (Sie) sag-en Sie […] ab cancel

The construction of the “Partizip II”

To make the Partizip II for the separable verb, you do the same as you would for the “Partizip II” for verbs that are not separted and add the particle as a prefix.
Infinitive Partizip II Translation
absagen abgesagt cancelled
aufmachen aufgemacht opened
umsteigen umgestiegen changed
zumachen zugemacht closed

Separable Verbs in Subordinate Clauses

For subordinate clauses, separable verbs behave like normal verbs, meaning that they aren´t separate:

Sie hat erzählt, dass er ein Konzert absagt She said that he’s cancelling a concert

Separable Verbs in Relative Clauses

In relative clauses the separable verbs do not split:

Ich schickte dir eine SMS, die nie ankam  I sent you a text that never arrived

Separable verbs in Clauses “(um)” + “zu”

Compound clauses with “(um) + zu”, the separable verbs are split by placing the preposition zu between the particle and the verb:

Es ist schwer, das Spiel wegzulegen  It’s difficult to put down this game

Separable particles

Sometimes, particles change the meaning of the verb they accompany just slightly, other times drastically. Separable particles are:
Separable particles
ab- an- auf- aus- auseinander- bei- dar- durch- ein- entgegen- entlang- fehl- fest- her- herein- los- mit- nach- über- um- unter- vor- vorbei- weg- weiter- wieder- zu- zurück-

“ab-“

  • absagen [cancel]
  • abschrauben [unscrew]
  • absegeln [sail away]
  • abbiegen [turn]

“an-“

  • anleiten [guide]
  • anmelden [register]
  • anrufen [call]
  • anfangen [start]
  • anhalten [stop]
  • ankommen [arrive]
  • anbieten [offer]
  • anpassen [adapt]
  • anschließen [connect]

“auf-“

  • aufheizen [heat up]
  • aufhaben [wear]
  • aufstehen [to stand up]

“aus-“

  • aussteigen [to get off/to exit (the bus)]
  • aussehen [to look/to apear] (Ex: “She looks beautiful” NOT “She looks at a map)”

“auseinander-“

  • auseinandersetzen to deal with/to argue with]

“bei-“

  • beitragen [contribute]

“dar-“

  • darstellen [to represent]

“durch-“

  • durchlesen [to read through]
  • durchgehen [to pass through]
The particle “durch-” is sometimes not separable. For example: durchqueren[to traverse]

“ein-“

  • einsteigen [to step into/to enter (on the bus)]
  • einkaufen [to go shopping]
  • einschalten [to turn on]
  • einladen [to invite]It is not always separable

“entgegen-“

  • entgegenstellen [to oppose]

“entlang-“

  • entlangfahren [to drive along]

“fehl-“

  • fehlschlagen [to backfire]

“fest-“

  • festlegen [to determine]

“her-“

  • herstellen [to manufacture]

“herein-“

  • hereintreten [to step in]

“los-“

  • losgehen [to get going]

“mit-“

  • mitmachen [to participate]

“nach-“

  • nacharbeiten [to rework]

“über-“

  • überstreifen [to shuffle on/slip over]
The particle “über” is normally not separable. For example: überdenken [reconsider]

“um-“

  • umsteigen [change (trains)]

“unter-“

  • unterlegen [to place underneath]
The particle “unter-” is sometimes not separable.

“vor-“

  • vorlesen [to read aloud]
  • vorsehen [to provide]

“vorbei-“

  • vorbeimarschieren [to march by]

“weg-“

  • wegnehmen [to take away]

“weiter-“

  • weiterentwickeln [to perfect/improve]

“wieder-“

  • wiedergeben [to return (something)] It is not always separable:wiederholen [to repeat] (not separable)

“zu-“

  • zumachen [to close]

“zurück-“

  • zurückkommen [to come back]

The special case of particle placement

As we said, the separable particle of the verb is placed at the end of the sentence:

Geht er ins Kino mit?  Is he going to the movie theater?

But if a complement is taken for granted (it doesn’t provide new information) in street German (although this is not correct) is placed at the end, leaving the particle inside the sentence so that we hear:

Geht er mit ins Kino?  Is he  going to the movie theater?

Verbs:Präsens – Trennbare Verben

One facet of verbs is that they can be preceded by prefixes, small units of language that somehow modify or enhance the meaning of basic verbs. Although there are some patterns as to how these prefixes affect the verbs’ meaning, for the most part you just need to learn the individual verbs.

Die sieben Zwerge sehen im Wohnzimmer fern. The seven dwarves are watching TV in the living room.
Chef spielt ihnen Disneys ‘Snow White’ vor. Doc is playing them Disney’s Snow White.
Er lädt natürlich auch Schneewittchen ein. He invites Snow White as well, of course.
Sie bringt frische Kekse und Kräutertee mit. She brings fresh cookies and herbal tea (to the party).
Als Schneewittchen im Film in den Apfel beißt, fängt Brummbär an, laut zu weinen, und läuft schnell weg … Er kann diese Szene gar nicht ausstehen! As Snow White bites into the apple in the film, Grumpy starts to cry loudly and runs away … He can’t stand this scene!
Schneewittchen läuft ihm nach, und sie gehen lieber in den schönen Wäldern im Harzgebirge spazieren. Snow White runs after him, and they go for a walk in the beautiful forests in the Harz mountains instead.
Snow White bites into the apple in the film

I. Prepositions as separable prefixes

Most prepositions can be made into separable prefixes, and most separable prefixes are originally prepositions. These prefixes change the new verb’s meaning in a way that is often related to the original meaning of the preposition. Here are some examples for the most common separable prefixes:

preposition/prefix (general meaning) example english
AB– (away) abfahren absagen depart cancel
AN– (towards) ankommen anfangen arrive begin
AUF– (up, on) aufstehen aufhören wake up stop
AUS– (out, also suggests completion) aussteigen ausstehen get out (of a bus) stand somebody
EIN– (in) einsteigen einladen get in (a bus, train) invite
LOS– (indicates beginning something) losgehen losbrechen get started break loose/escape (break out)
MIT– (with, along) mitbringen mitkommen bring along come with, come along
NACH– (after, follow) nachholen nachlaufen make up (work, homework) run after someone (literally)
VOR– (before, ahead, forward) vorlesen vorspielen read out loud play (e.g., a film)
WEG– (away) wegwerfen weglaufen throw away run away

II. Other common separable prefix verbs

fernsehen – watch TV spazierengehen – go for a walk
Rad fahren – ride a bicycle schwarzarbeiten – work illegally
teilnehmen – participate schwarzfahren – ride (e.g., a train) without a ticket
kennenlernen – get to know achtgeben – pay attention

III. Word order and separable prefixes

A. Declarative sentences

The separable prefixes affect word order in basic sentences; they also have slightly different participle forms.

The typical word order in basic German (declarative) sentences is SUBJECT-VERB-VERBAL COMPLEMENTS. While this order stays the same for the most part, the separable prefix of the separable prefix verb goes to the very end of the declarative sentence.

parts of the sentence subject verb other items that complete the verb (e.g., direct object) separable prefix
declarative sentence Chef spielt Tennis.
declarative sentence with a separable prefix verb Chef spielt den Film vor.

B. Questions

Separable prefix verbs affect the word order in questions as well:

parts of the sentence subject/question word verb verbal complements/subject separable prefix
declarative sentence Chef spielt den Film vor.
Who? Wer spielt den Film vor?
What? Was spielt Chef vor?

C. With modal verbs

Modal verbs affect the word order of sentences with separable prefix verbs, too:

parts of the sentence subject primary verb verbal complements/subject separable prefix/infinitive
declarative sentence Chef spielt den Film vor.
modal verb: wollen Chef will den Film vorspielen.
question with modal verb Was will Chef vorspielen?

D. With subordinating conjunctions

Finally, separable prefix verbs move around when different phrases are connected by subordinating conjunctions (and also by relative pronouns).

subordinating conjunction subject/question word verb verbal complements/subject separable prefix
Chef spielt den Film vor.
Chef lädt Schneewittchen ein.
Bevor (before) Chef den Film vorspieltlädt er Schneewittchen ein.
Nachdem (after) Chef Schneewittchen einlädtspielt er den Film vor.
Brummbär Ich möchte diesen Film wegwerfen!!! Ich will ihn nie wieder anschauen! I would like to throw away this film!!! I never want to watch it again!
Schneewittchen Nachdem du die DVD wegwirfst, lesen wir dein neues Drehbuch für diese Geschichte! After you throw away the DVD, let’s read your new screen play for this story!
Brummbär Ahm … Es ist noch nicht fertig. Und weiterhin ist es ein bisschen kitschig … Ahm … Die Hexe kann dich natürlich nicht umbringen, und ich bin der Held, und obwohl du den Prinzen kennenlernst, heiratest du mich … Hmmm … Ahem … It’s not finished yet. And furthermore, it’s also a bit kitschy… Ahem … The witch of course can’t kill you, and I am the hero, and although you meet the prince, you marry me … Hmmm …
Schneewittchen Mein lieber Brummbär, du bist echt süß! Aber du solltest deine Karriere nicht aufgeben! My dear Grumpy, you are really sweet! But you should not give up your (day)job!

Below are some of the most commonly used separable prefix verbs with English equivalents. The first column offers some general meanings associated with the prefixes, but these are only tendencies, not set rules.

preposition/prefix(general meaning) example english
AB– (away) abbrennen abgeben abkürzen abnehmen abschließen abtreiben burn down turn in (homework), hand over (ticket) shorten lose weight finish, complete abort
AN– (towards) anerkennen andeuten angeben anklagen ankleiden anschauen anstellen anweisen anwenden recognize hint at, suggest brag, show off accuse dress watch hire, employ instruct use
AUF– (up, on) aufatmen aufbleiben aufführen aufklären auflockern aufnehmen aufräumen aufschlagen aufwachsen breathe a sigh of relief stay up (person), stay open (store) perform (e.g., theater play) inform, enlighten, clear up liven up (a party, person) take a picture of (incl. video images) tidy/clean up (e.g., room) open (eyes, book) grow up
AUS– (out, also suggests completion) ausbilden ausbrechen ausdrucken ausdrücken ausflippen ausgeben ausgehen auslachen ausmachen ausnutzen ausschließen aussprechen aussterben austauschen educate, train break out print (e.g., text, picture) express freak out (flip out) publish, hand out go out, date laugh at (someone) turn off (light), put out (fire) take advantage of (person, opportunity) lock out, exclude pronounce die out, go extinct exchange
EIN– (in) einbrechen einfallen (es ist mir eingefallen) einführen einkaufen einleben (sich) einnehmen einrichten einschätzen einschlafen einschüchtern einwerfen einziehen break in (horse, into house) occur (to someone), come to mind introduce (a topic) go shopping, buy get used to earn, make money furnish (apartment), arrange (furniture) judge, guess (e.g., at size, value) fall asleep intimidate, bully throw in (e.g., remark, towel) move in (e.g., into a new apartment)
LOS– (beginning something) losfahren loswerden get going, leave get rid of, spend, lose
MIT– (with, along) mitbekommen mitfahren mitfühlen mitmachen mitnehmen mitspielen mitteilen get out (of a lecture), understand ride along sympathize participate, do something w/someone take along play along (in a sport) inform, share knowledge
NACH– (after, follow) nachahmen nachdenken (ich möchte darüber ~) nacherzählen nachfolgen nachgeben nachprüfen nachschlagen nachtun nachzählen imitate think about (I’d like to think about that) retell, relate (a story) follow, succeed (e.g., a king) give in (e.g., to pressure) double check (e.g., essay, homework) look up (e.g., a word in a dictionary) follow somebody’s example re-count (double check numbers)
VOR– (before, ahead, forward) vorbereiten vorbestellen vorhaben vorkommen vornehmen vorstellen vortragen prepare order in advance (e.g., books) plan, have in mind come up, happen carry out a task introduce, imagine perform (play), give lecture/opinion
WEG– (away) wegbleiben wegbringen weggehen wegnehmen wegräumen wegtreten wegziehen stay away take/bring away go away take away clear away (e.g., mess) step away pull away
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Time(நேரம்) – Learn Tamil Through English

Time(நேரம்) – Learn Tamil Through English

EXAMPLES:
ENGLISH SENTENCE TAMIL SENTENCE
Is your clock slow? உங்களுடைய கடிகாரம் மெதுவாக ஓடுகிறதா?
It is quarter to 11 பதினொன்று மணியாக பதினைந்து நிமிடங்கள் உள்ளது
It is already half past 3 ஏற்கெனவே மூன்றரை மணி ஆகிவிட்டது
The school is closed on saturday பள்ளிக்கூடம் சனிக்கிழமை மூடியிருக்கும்
Last month we went to Delhi கடந்த மாதம் டெல்லி சென்றிருந்தோம்
Will you come tomorrow? நீங்கள் நாளை வருவீர்களா?
I expected you yesterday உன்னை நேற்று வருவாய் என எதிர்பார்தேன்
I will call you at night time நான் உங்களிடம் இரவு நேரத்தில் பேசுகிறேன்
It is quarter past 2 இரண்டு மணி பதினைந்து நிமிடங்கள்
She will come at 6’o clock அவள் ஆறு மணிக்கு வருவாள்
What is the date? தேதி என்ன?
What is the time? மணி என்ன?
It is 5’o clock ஐந்து மணி
It is half past 8 எட்டரை மணி
Let US Talk(நாம் பேசுவோம்)
EXAMPLES:
ENGLISH SENTENCE TAMIL SENTENCE
What is your name? உங்களுடைய பெயர் என்ன?
My name is Anu என்னுடைய பெயர் அனு
Thank You.Bye நன்றி . பை
She is my younger sister அவள் என்னுடைய தங்கை
About Learning Language(மொழியை கற்பது குறித்து)
EXAMPLES:
ENGLISH SENTENCE TAMIL SENTENCE
Do you speak Tamil? நீங்கள் தமிழ் பேசுவீர்களா?
My native is Chennai எனது ஊர் சென்னை
I can understand Tamil எனக்கு தமிழ் புரியும்
Do you speak Tamil at office? நீங்கள் அலுவலகத்தில் தமிழில் பேசுவீர்களா?
Can you teach me Hindi? நீங்கள் எனக்கு ஹிந்தி கற்று கொடுப்பீர்களா?
You speak Hindi well நீங்கள் ஹிந்தி நன்றாக பேசுகிறீர்கள்
Village Versus City(கிராமமும் நகரமும்)
EXAMPLES:
ENGLISH SENTENCE TAMIL SENTENCE
Why do you like village? உங்களுக்கு ஏன் கிராமம் பிடித்திருக்கிறது?
Does your family likes to live in city? உங்கள் குடும்பத்திற்கு நகரத்தில் வாழ விருப்பமா?
Everywhere there is loud noise எங்கு பார்த்தாலும் கூச்சலாக உள்ளது
I like to live in village but I prefer city எனக்கு கிராமத்தில் வாழ ஆசையாக இருந்தாலும் நான் நகரத்தில் தான் வசிப்பேன்
Learning Of Labnguage(மொழியைக் கற்றல்)
EXAMPLES:
ENGLISH SENTENCE TAMIL SENTENCE
I heard that you are learning Tamil நீங்கள் தமிழ் கற்றுக் கொண்டிருக்கிறீர்கள் என்று கேள்விப்பட்டேன்
How are you? நீங்கள் எப்படி இருக்கிறீர்கள்?
Good you are already speaking Tamil நல்லது நீங்கள் ஏற்கெனவே தமிழ் நன்றாக பேசுகிறீர்கள்
Im doing good.Thank you நன்றாக இருக்கிறேன்.நன்றி
Between Two Friends(இரண்டு நண்பர்களுக்கு இடையே)
EXAMPLES:
ENGLISH SENTENCE TAMIL SENTENCE
Anu-Hi,How are you? Ram-Im fine அனு-ஹாய்,எப்படி இருக்கிறீர்கள்? ராம்-நன்றாக இருகிறேன்
Raj-Do you listen to songs? Sita-I sometimes listen to songs ராஜ்-பாட்டு கேட்பீர்களா? சீதா-சில சமையங்களில் கேட்பேன்
Anu-Where did you go? Sita-I went to temple அனு-எங்கே சென்றீர்கள்? சீதா-நான் கோயிலுக்கு சென்றேன்
Ram-Shall we go to movie? Raj- Sure.When shall we go? ராம்-படம் பார்க்க செல்வோமா? ராஜ்-கண்டிப்பாக.எப்பொழுது செல்வோம்?
Hari-Are you Ram? Raj- No .That short man is Ram ஹரி-நீங்கள் தான் ராம் அவர்களா? ராஜ்-இல்லை.அந்த குறுகிய ஆளு தான் ராம்
Anu-How long you are here? Sara-I have been here since 2 years அனு-இங்கே எவ்வளவு காலமாக இருக்கிறீர்கள்? சாரா-நான் இங்கு இரண்டு வருடங்களாக இருக்கிறேன்
Raj-What did you eat? Ram-I ate 2 Dosas ராஜ்-நீங்கள் என்ன சாப்பிட்டீர்கள்? ராம்-நான் இரண்டு தோசைகள் சாப்பிட்டேன்
Sara-What did you do?Sita-I was stitching my dress சாரா-நீ என்ன செய்தாய்? சீதா-நான் என்னுடைய துணிகளை தைத்துக் கொண்டிருந்தேன்
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Tamil Vocabulary

The Tamil vocabulary is the backbone for learning. Below we picked 70% of the most commonly used words. Therefore memorizing them will give you a 70% boost in the language. This is the smarter way of online learning. Learn only what you need. We start with commonly used numbers.
One: ஒன்று  [ondru] Audio Two: இரண்டு  [iraNtu] Audio
Three: மூன்று  [moondru] Audio Four: நான்கு  [nānku] Audio
Five: ஐந்து  [aindhu] Audio Six: ஆறு  [āRu] Audio
Seven: ஏழு  [Ezhu] Audio Eight: எட்டு  [ettu] Audio
Nine: ஒன்பது  [onpadhu] Audio Ten: பத்து  [paththu] Audio
First: முதலாவது  [mudhalāvadhu] Audio Second: இரண்டாவது  [iraNtāvadhu] Audio
Days of the week and time expressions:
Monday: திங்கட் கிழமை  [thingat kizhamai] Audio Tuesday: செவ்வாய்க் கிழமை  [sevvāik kizhamai] Audio
Wednesday: புதன் கிழமை  [pudhan kizhamai] Audio Thursday: வியாழக் கிழமை  [viyāzhak kizhamai] Audio
Friday: வெள்ளிக் கிழமை  [veLLik kizhamai] Audio Saturday: சனிக் கிழமை  [sanik kizhamai] Audio
Sunday: ஞாயிற்றுக் கிழமை  [gnāyitruk kizhamai] Audio Now: இப்பொழுது  [ippozhudhu] Audio
Yesterday: நேற்று  [nEtru] Audio Today: இன்று  [indru] Audio
Tonight: இன்றிரவு  [indriravu] Audio Tomorrow: நாளை  [nāLai] Audio
Most popular fruits and vegetables:
Fruits: பழம்   [pazham ] Audio Apples: ஆப்பிள்  [āppiL] Audio
Bananas: வாழைப்பழம்   [vāzhaippazham ] Audio Tomatoes: தக்காளி   [thakkāLi ] Audio
Potatoes: உருளைக்கிழங்கு   [uruLaikkizhangu ] Audio Onions: வெங்காயம்   [vengāyam ] Audio
Colors that we think are very important to remember:
Red: சிகப்பு  [sikappu] Audio Green: பச்சை  [pachchai] Audio
Blue: நீலம்  [neelam] Audio White: வெள்ளை  [veLLai] Audio
Black: கருப்பு  [karuppu] Audio Grey: சாம்பல்  [sāmpal] Audio
Some words related to food:
Breakfast: காலை உணவு  [kālai uNavu] Audio Lunch: பகல் உணவு  [pakal uNavu] Audio
Dinner: இரவு உணவு  [iravu uNavu] Audio Milk: பால்  [pāl] Audio
Coffee: காபி  [kāpi] Audio Bread: ரொட்டி  [rotti] Audio
Weather terms and sensations:
Sunny: வெய்யிலாக  [veyyilāka] Audio Windy: காற்றோட்டமுள்ள   [kātrOttamuLLa ] Audio
Rainy: மழை பெய்கிற  [mazhai peykiRa] Audio Snowy: பனி பொழிகிற  [pani pozhikiRa] Audio
Cold: குளிர்ந்த  [kuLirndha] Audio Hot: சூடான  [sootāna] Audio
Words related to family and relatives:
Boy: சிறுவன்  [siRuvan] Audio Girl: சிறுமி  [siRumi] Audio
Son: மகன்  [makan] Audio Daughter: மகள்  [makaL] Audio
Brother: சகோதரன்  [sakOdharan] Audio Sister: சகோதரி  [sakOdhari] Audio
Man: ஆண்  [āN] Audio Woman: பெண்  [peN] Audio
Father: தந்தை   [thandhai ] Audio Mother: தாய்  [thāi] Audio
Grandfather: தாத்தா  [thāththā] Audio Grandmother: பாட்டி  [pātti] Audio
Locations in the house which are talked about more during the day:
House: வீடு  [veetu] Audio Toilet: கழிவறை  [kazhivaRai] Audio
Room: அறை  [aRai] Audio Bedroom: படுக்கையறை  [patukkaiyaRai] Audio
Kitchen: சமையலறை  [samaiyalaRai] Audio Table: மேசை  [mEsai] Audio
Animals and pets popular to everyone:
Cat: பூனை  [poonai] Audio Dog: நாய்  [nāi] Audio
Mouse: எலி  [eli] Audio Bird: பறவை  [paRavai] Audio
Cow: மாடு  [mātu] Audio Horse: குதிரை  [kudhirai] Audio
The clothes most worn by most people:
Socks: காலுறை  [kāluRai] Audio Shoes: காலணி  [kālaNi] Audio
Trousers: கால்சட்டை  [kālsattai] Audio Shirt: சட்டை  [sattai] Audio
Sweater: கம்பளிச் சட்டை  [kampaLich chattai] Audio Coat: மேலங்கி  [mElangi] Audio
Most popular languages in the world:
English: ஆங்கிலம்  [āngilam] Audio French: பிரெஞ்சு  [pirenju] Audio
German: ஜெர்மன்  [jerman] Audio Spanish: இஸ்பானியம்  [iSpāniyam] Audio
Italian: இத்தாலியம்  [iththāliyam] Audio Portuguese: போர்த்துகீசியம்  [pOrththukeesiyam] Audio
Greek: கிரேக்கம்  [kirEkkam] Audio Russian: உருசியம்  [urusiyam] Audio
Arabic: அரபு  [arapu] Audio Hindi: இந்தி  [indhi] Audio
Chinese: சீனம்  [seenam] Audio Japanese: ஜப்பானியம்  [jappāniyam] Audio
Most popular terms when traveling:
Taxi: டாக்சி  [tāksi] Audio Bus: பஸ்  [paS] Audio
Hotel: உணவகம்  [uNavakam] Audio Reservation: ஒதுக்கீடு   [odhukkeetu ] Audio
Airport: விமான நிலையம்  [vimāna nilaiyam] Audio Passport: பாஸ்போர்ட்  [pāSpOrt] Audio
Words you can use in class or talking about school:
Student: மாணவன்  [māNavan] Audio Teacher: ஆசிரியர்  [āsiriyar] Audio
Pen: பேனா  [pEnā] Audio Books: புத்தகங்கள்  [puththakangaL] Audio
Page: பக்கம்  [pakkam] Audio Dictionary: அகராதி  [akarādhi] Audio
Body parts which are talked about more often:
Hand: கை  [kai] Audio Feet: பாதங்கள்  [pādhangaL] Audio
Hair: முடி  [muti] Audio Eye: கண்  [kaN] Audio
Mouth: வாய்  [vāi] Audio Nose: மூக்கு  [mookku] Audio
Emergency vocabulary to ask for help or offer help when needed:
Ambulance: மருத்துவ ஊர்தி  [maruththuva oordhi] Audio Doctor: மருத்துவர்  [maruththuvar] Audio
Hospital: வைத்தியசாலை  [vaiththiyasālai] Audio Pharmacy: மருந்தகம்  [marundhakam] Audio
Police: போலீஸ்  [pOleeS] Audio Stomach Ache: வயிற்று வலி  [vayitru vali] Audio
 
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Interrogative Sentence(கேள்வி வாக்கியங்கள்)

Interrogative sentences using am , are , is , were , was

EXAMPLES:
ENGLISH SENTENCE TAMIL SENTENCE
Were you enjoying your holiday? விடுமுறையில் ஆனந்தமாக இருந்தாயா?
Am I a fool? நான் என்ன முட்டாளா?
Are you happy? நீ ஆனந்தமாக இருக்கிறாயா?
Is your name Ram? உங்களுடய பெயர் ராமா?
Was he singing? அவன் பாடினானா?
Is it hot today? இன்று சூடாக உள்ளதா?
Are you Mr.Ravi? நீங்கள் ரவியா?
Was the coffee very hot? காபி சூடாக உள்ளதா?
Did , do , does
EXAMPLES:
ENGLISH SENTENCE TAMIL SENTENCE
Does he like it ? அவனுக்கு பிடித்திருக்கிறதா ?
Did you go there? நீ அங்கு சென்றாயா ?
Did she take bath? அவள் குளித்தாளா ?
Do you smoke? நீ புகைப்பிடிப்பாயா ?
Do you speak Hindi? நீ ஹிந்தி பேசுவாயா?
Does it rain there? அங்கு மழை பெய்கிறதா ?
Did you call me? நீ என்னை அழைத்தாயா?
Did you ring the bell? நீ மணி அடித்தாயா ?
Have , had , has
EXAMPLES:
ENGLISH SENTENCE TAMIL SENTENCE
Have you found your pen ? நீ உன்னுடைய பேனாவை கண்டுப்பிடித்து விட்டாயா ?
Had you done your work? நீ உன்னுடைய வேலையை முடித்து விட்டாயா ?
Has Anu missed the bus? அனு பேருந்தை தவர விட்டாளா ?
Has he written the story ? அவன் கதையை எழுதி முடித்தானா ?
Had your lunch ? நீ மதியம் உணவு சாப்பிடாயா ?
Have you ever gone to Delhi? நீ எப்பொழுதாவது டெல்லிக் சென்றிருக்கிறாயா ?
Have you spent the money? நீ உன்னுடைய பணத்தை செலவழித்து விட்டாயா ?
Would , should , will , shall
EXAMPLES ;
ENGLISH SENTENCE TAMIL SENTENCE
Will you give me that book ? நீ எனக்கு அந்த புத்தகம் தருவாயா?
Should I come to the temple ? நான் கோயிலுக்கு வர வேண்டுமா?
Should I not disturb you ? நான் உன்னை தொந்தரவு செய்யக் கூடாதா ?
Will they attend the wedding ? அவர்கள் கல்யாணத்திற்க்கு செல்வார்களா?
Shall we go to school? நாம் பள்ளிக்கூடத்திற்கு செல்வோமா?
Would he give me some chocolates ? அவன் எனக்கு சாக்லேட்கள் தருவானா?
Shall we play? நாம் விளையாடுவோமா?
Would you tell me the answer even if it is wrong ? பதில் தவறக இருந்தாலும் நீ எனக்கு சொல்ல முடியுமா?
Could , can , may
EXAMPLES:
ENGLISH SENTENCE TAMIL SENTENCE
Can you tell me the answer? நீ எனக்கு பதில் சொல்ல முடியுமா?
May I come in? நான் உள்ளே வரலாமா?
Could he come to office? அவன் அலுவலகத்துக்கு வர முடியுமா?
Can I play with you? நான் உன் கூட விளையாடலாமா?
May I have your bangles ? எனக்கு உன்னுடைய வளையல்களை தர முடியுமா?
Can you drop me in temple? என்னை கோயிலில் இறக்கி விட முடியுமா?
Could we do this together ? நாம் இதை சேர்ந்து செய்வோமா?
May I have your attention? நான் உங்களுடைய கவனத்தை பெறலாமா?
What , where , why , when
EXAMPLES:
ENGLISH SENTENCE TAMIL SENTENCE
What is the time? இப்பொழுது மணி என்ன?
What is your age ? உன்னுடைய வயது என்ன?
When will you come? நீ எப்பொழுது வருவாய்?
When is your birthday? உன்னுடைய பிறந்த நாள் எப்பொழுது?
Where is your house? உன்னுடைய வீடு எங்கே?
Where is your watch? உன்னுடைய கைகடிகாரம் எங்கே?
Why did she cry? அவள் எதற்கு அழுதாள்?
Why are you happy? நீ எதற்கு ஆனந்தமாய் இருக்கிறாய்?
Whose , Who , Whom
EXAMPLES:
ENGLISH SENTENCE TAMIL SENTENCE
Who danced yesterday? நேற்று யார் ஆடினார்கள்?
Who is standing there? அங்கு யார் நிற்ப்பது?
Whose book Is that? அந்த புத்தகம் யாருடையது
Whose house is there? யாருடைய வீடு அது?
Whom do you meet? நாம் யாரை சந்திக்க வேண்டும்?
Whom had you promised? நீங்கள் யாருக்கு வாக்கு கொடுத்தீர்கள்?
Who is that? அந்த நபர் யார்?
Who sang this song? அந்த பாடல் யார் பாடினார்?
How many , How much , How long , How
EXAMPLES:
ENGLISH SENTENCE TAMIL SENTENCE
How are you? நீங்கள் எப்படி இருக்கிறீர்கள்?
How old are you? உனக்கு என்ன வயது?
How long have you been in Delhi? டெல்லியில் எத்தனை காலமாக இருக்கிறீர்கள்?
How many of you are here? இங்கு எத்தனை பேர் உள்ளனர்?
How long I should wait ? நான் எத்தனை காலம் காத்திருக்க வேண்டும்?
How many students are in the class? வகுப்பறையில் எத்தனை மாணவர்கள் உள்ளனர்?
How much money should I pay? நான் எவ்வளவு பணம் செலுத்த வேண்டும்?
How do you manage? நீங்கள் எப்படி சமாளிக்கிறீர்கள்?
Which
EXAMPLES:
ENGLISH SENTENCE TAMIL SENTENCE
Which is your book? உங்களுடைய புத்தகம் எது?
Which is your favourite colour? உங்களுக்கு பிடித்த வண்ணம் எது?
Which is your pen? உங்களுடைய பேனா எது?
Which is your house? உங்களுடைய வீடு எது?
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Word Formation in Tamil

Word Formation In Tamil

Now lets form Tamil words combining vowels with consonants.

ஆ(aa) with consonants

Tamil Words English Meanings
ஆமை ( aamai ) Tortoise
பாப்பா ( Paappaa ) Baby
காது ( Kaathu ) Ear
மாலை ( Maalai ) Evening
சாலை ( Saalai ) Road

இ ( i ) with consonants

Tamil Words English Meanings
மிளகு ( milagu ) Pepper
இலை ( ilai ) Leaf
பிறப்பு ( pirappu ) Birth
இடம் ( idam ) Place
கிளை ( kilai) Branch

ஈ ( ii ) with consonants

Tamil Words English Meanings
வீடு ( viidu ) House
தீமை ( Thiimai ) Evil
வீக்கம் ( viikkam ) Swell
மீன் ( miin ) Fish
கீழே ( kiizhe ) Beneath

உ ( u ) with consonants

Tamil Words English Meanings
புத்தகம் ( puthagam ) Book
குரல் ( kural ) Voice
உதவி ( uthavi ) Help
முகம் ( mugam ) Face
புகை ( pugai ) Smoke

ஊ ( uu ) with consonants

Tamil Words English Meanings
தூக்கம் ( thuukkam ) Sleep
சூரியன் ( suuriyan ) Sun
பூட்டு ( puuttu ) Lock
ஊக்கம் ( uukkam ) Courage
பூண்டு ( puundu ) Garlic

எ ( e ) with consonants

Tamil Words English Meanings
செலவு ( seLavu ) Expenses
தெற்கு ( theRku ) West
பெற்றோர் ( petRRor ) Parents
வெற்றி ( vetRRi ) Win
வெங்காயம் ( vengaayam ) Onion

ஏ ( ee ) with consonants

Tamil Words English Meanings
மேகம் ( meegam ) Sky
கேள்வி ( keelvi ) Question
மேஜை ( meejai ) Table
வேகம் ( veegam ) Fast
ஏரி ( eeri ) Lake

ஐ ( ai ) with consonants

Tamil Words English Meanings
மைனா ( maina ) Myna
அலை ( alai ) Waves
ஐந்து ( ainthu ) Five
வைரம் ( vairam ) Diamond
பையன் ( payan ) Boy

ஒ ( o ) with consonants

Tamil Words English Meanings
சொல் ( sol ) Word
கொம்பு ( kombu ) Horn
கொடு ( kodu ) Give
ஒலி ( oli ) Sound
ஒற்றுமை ( otRRumai ) Union

ஓ ( oo ) with consonants

Tamil Words English Meanings
சோகம் ( soogam ) Sad
தோல்வி ( thoolvi ) Fail
கோவில் ( koovil ) Temple
ஓடு ( oodu ) Run
போலி ( pooli ) Artificial

ஔ ( au ) with consonants

Tamil Words English Meanings
மௌனம் ( maunam ) Silence
வௌவால் ( vauvaal ) Bat ( Bird )
பௌர்ணிமி ( paurnimi ) Full Moon Day
பௌத்தம் ( pauththam ) Buddhism
கௌளி ( kauli ) Lizard

Pure Consonants

Pure consonants are shown with a dot above the vowel or consonant + vowel after which it is placed. Eg : சீப்பு = ப்பு ம = ம் + அ
Tamil Examples English Meanings
பட்டம் ( Pattam ) Kite
கட்டம் ( Kattam ) Square
சுத்தம் ( Sutham ) Cleanliness
சத்தம் ( Satham ) Sound
பள்ளி ( PaLLi ) School

VOWEL MARKER for u AND uu

The vowel marker for u and uu are not same in all cases. ஜ ஸ ஷ ஹ ஜு ( ju ) / ஜூ( juu ) ஸு ( Su ) / ஸூ ( Suu ) ஷு ( shu ) / ஷூ ( shuu ) ஹு ( hu ) / ஹூ ( huu )

TYPES OF u

Type 1 : கு , ஞ , டு , மு , ரு , ழு , ளு Type 2 : சு , பு , யு , வு Type 3 : ணு , நு , து , லு , று , னு

TYPES OF uu

Type 1 : கூ , சூ , டூ , மூ , ரூ , ழூ , ளூ Type 2 : ஙூ , பூ , யூ , வூ Type 3 : நூ , தூ , நூ , லூ , றூ , னூ , ணூ
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Tamil Alphabets

Tamil Alphabets

Tamil alphabets consists of 12 vowels and 18 consonants.

Vowels

Apart from 12 vowels we have an additional character ஃ (ak).This character is not a vowel but we use for the sake of our convenience and so we use them among vowels. Vowels are further classified into Short Vowels ( Kuril ) and Long Vowels ( Nedil ).
a Short Vowel
aa Long Vowel
i Short Vowel
ii Long Vowel
u Short Vowel
uu Long Vowel
e Short Vowel
ee Long Vowel
ai Long Vowel
o Short Vowel
oo Long Vowel
au Long Vowel
ak Special Character

Consonents

There are 18 pure consonants in Tamil.
Tamil Consonants Pronounciation Example
க் k kite
ங் ng mango
ச் ch batch
ஞ் eng messenger
ட் it cat
ண் inn sandal
த் th strength
ந் inth Not found in English,but as in Tamil ‘Panthu’
ப் ip flap
ம் im time
ய் iy yolk
ர் ir roll
ல் ll bell
வ் iv van
ழ் izh Not found in English,but as in Tamil ‘Vazhga’
ள் il pull
ற் iR partner
ன் in sin
These 18 consonants are of three kinds. Every letters in pure consonants has a dot on top of it.If the dot is removed it is pronounced with ‘a’ sound

வல்லினம் – Vallinam / Hard

ka
sa
da
tha
pa
Ra

மெல்லினம் – Mellinam / Soft

ya
ra
lla
va
zha
la

இடையினம் – Idaiyinam / Middle

nga
nya
Na
nna
ma
na
  • A word will never begin with the letters like ங , ண , ழ , ள , ற and ன.
  • ஸ்ரீ is a Symbolic character.
  • There is no equivalent for consonant ழ in any other non Dravidian Languages.

Tamil Alphabets Chart

Grantha Letters ஜ , ஸ , ஷ , ஹ are the Grantha letters.These are the letters used for writting Sanskrit words by Tamil speakers . ஸ்ரீ – Shri / Sri is a symbolic letter.

Vowel Markers:

In Tamil language , there are two forms of vowels.

1. Syllabic Form :

அ , ஆ , இ , ஈ , உ , ஊ , எ , ஏ , ஐ , ஒ , ஓ , ஔ , ஃ The vowels are used separately. Eg : ஓ (oo) – An exclamatory expression. ஈ (ii)-Fly

2. Abbreviated Form:

These are the vowel markers called uyir kuriyeedugal. vowel-markers Vowel markers are combined with consonants as follows
vowel-marker1 Follow the consonant
vowel-marker-2 Marked above the consonant
vowel-marker3 Vowel marker for u/uu
vowel-marker4 Precedes consonant
vowel-marker5 Precedes and follows consonant

Uyir Mey Ezhuthukal

The combination of vowels and consonants is called Uyir Mey Ezhuthukal.They are combined using Abbreviated form/Vowel Markers( Uyir Kuriyeedugal).

Tamil alphabets chart

க் கா கி கீ கு கூ கெ கே கை கொ கோ கௌ
Ka Kaa Ki Kii Ku Kuu Ke Kee Kai Ko Koo kau
ங் ஙா ஙி ஙீ ஙு ஙூ ஙெ ஙே ஙை ஙொ ஙோ ஙௌ
Nga Ngaa Ngi Ngii Ngu Nguu Nge Ngee Ngai Ngo Ngoo Ngau
ச் சா சி சீ சு சூ செ சே சை சொ சோ சௌ
Sa Saa Si Sii Su Suu Se See Sai So Soo Sau
ஞ் ஞா ஞி ஞீ ஞு ஞூ ஞெ ஞே ஞை ஞொ ஞோ ஞௌ
Nja Njaa Nji Njii Nju Njuu Nje Njee Njai Njo Njoo Sjau
ட் டா டி டீ டு டூ டெ டே டை டொ டோ டௌ
Ta Taa Ti Tii Tu Tuu Te Tee Tai To Too tau
ண் ணா ணி ணீ ணு ணூ ணெ ணே ணை ணொ ணோ ணௌ
Na Naa Ni Nii Nu Nuu Ne Nee Nai No Noo Nau
த் தா தி தீ து தூ தெ தே தை தொ தோ தௌ
Tha Thaa Thi Thii Thu Thuu The Thee Thai Tho Thoo Thau
ந் நா நி நீ நு நூ நெ நே நை நொ நோ நௌ
n-a n-aa n-i n-ii n-u n-uu n-e n-ee n-ai n-o n-oo n-au
ப் பா பி பீ பு பூ பெ பே பை பொ போ பௌ
Pa Paa Pi Pii Pu Puu Pe Pee Pai Po Poo Pau
ம் மா மி மீ மு மூ மெ மே மை மொ மோ மௌ
Ma Maa Mi Mii Mu Muu Me Mee Mai Mo Moo Mau
ய் யா யி யீ யு யூ யெ யே யை யொ யோ யௌ
Ya Yaa Yi Yii Yu Yuu Ye Yee Yai Yo Yoo yau
ர் ரா ரி ரீ ரு ரூ ரெ ரே ரை ரொ ரோ ரௌ
Ra Raa Ri Rii Ru Ruu Re Ree Rai Ro Roo rau
ல் லா லி லீ லு லூ லெ லே லை லொ லோ லௌ
La Laa Li Lii Lu Luu Le Lee Lai Lo Loo lau
வ் வா வி வீ வு வூ வெ வே வை வொ வோ வௌ
Va Vaa Vi Vii Vu Vuu Ve Vee Vai Vo Voo vau
ழ் ழா ழி ழீ ழு ழூ ழெ ழே ழை ழொ ழோ ழௌ
Zha Zhaa Zhi Zhii Zhu Zhuu Zhe Zhee Zhai Zho Zhoo zhau
ள் ளா ளி ளீ ளு ளூ ளெ ளே ளை ளொ ளோ ளௌ
La Laa Li Lii Lu Luu Le Lee Lai Lo Loo Lau
ற் றா றி றீ று றூ றெ றே றை றொ றோ றௌ
Ra Raa Ri Rii Ru Ruu Re Ree Rai Ro Roo Rau
ன் னா னி னீ னு னூ னெ னே னை னொ னோ னௌ
Na Naa Ni Nii Nu Nuu Ne Nee Nai No Noo Nau
 
Grantha consonants
a ā i ī u ū e ē ai o ō au
ஶ் ś ஶா ஶி ஶீ ஶு ஶூ ஶெ ஶே ஶை ஶொ ஶோ ஶௌ
ஜ் j ஜா ஜி ஜீ ஜு ஜூ ஜெ ஜே ஜை ஜொ ஜோ ஜௌ
ஷ் ஷா ஷி ஷீ ஷு ஷூ ஷெ ஷே ஷை ஷொ ஷோ ஷௌ
ஸ் s ஸா ஸி ஸீ ஸு ஸூ ஸெ ஸே ஸை ஸொ ஸோ ஸௌ
ஹ் h ஹா ஹி ஹீ ஹு ஹூ ஹெ ஹே ஹை ஹொ ஹோ ஹௌ
க்ஷ் kṣ க்ஷ க்ஷா க்ஷி க்ஷீ க்ஷு க்ஷூ க்ஷெ க்ஷே க்ஷை க்ஷொ க்ஷோ க்ஷௌ
a ā i ī u ū e ē ai o ō au
க் k கா கி கீ கு கூ கெ கே கை கொ கோ கௌ
ங் ஙா ஙி ஙீ ஙு ஙூ ஙெ ஙே ஙை ஙொ ஙோ ஙௌ
ச் c சா சி சீ சு சூ செ சே சை சொ சோ சௌ
ஞ் ñ ஞா ஞி ஞீ ஞு ஞூ ஞெ ஞே ஞை ஞொ ஞோ ஞௌ
ட் டா டி டீ டு டூ டெ டே டை டொ டோ டௌ
ண் ணா ணி ணீ ணு ணூ ணெ ணே ணை ணொ ணோ ணௌ
த் t தா தி தீ து தூ தெ தே தை தொ தோ தௌ
ந் n நா நி நீ நு நூ நெ நே நை நொ நோ நௌ
ப் p பா பி பீ பு பூ பெ பே பை பொ போ பௌ
ம் m மா மி மீ மு மூ மெ மே மை மொ மோ மௌ
ய் y யா யி யீ யு யூ யெ யே யை யொ யோ யௌ
ர் r ரா ரி ரீ ரு ரூ ரெ ரே ரை ரொ ரோ ரௌ
ல் l லா லி லீ லு லூ லெ லே லை லொ லோ லௌ
வ் v வா வி வீ வு வூ வெ வே வை வொ வோ வௌ
ழ் ழா ழி ழீ ழு ழூ ழெ ழே ழை ழொ ழோ ழௌ
ள் ளா ளி ளீ ளு ளூ ளெ ளே ளை ளொ ளோ ளௌ
ற் றா றி றீ று றூ றெ றே றை றொ றோ றௌ
ன் னா னி னீ னு னூ னெ னே னை னொ னோ னௌ
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Learn Tamil 1

Learn Tamil through English

Introduction

Our Tamil lesson helps you to learn Tamil through English step by step. Our online lessons along with Tamil classes make your process of learning Tamil easier. Here is our free Tamil language lessons , and if you need any clarification or details please do mail us, we will revert back. Tamil language is one of the ancient languages of the world.Tamil is the language that is predominantly spoken by Tamil people of Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka. The earliest known inscription date back to at least 500BC.It is a language with rich and vast literature. It is of great pleasure to us that you intend to learn Tamil.We have provided with the step by step guidance to reach your destination.Here you go…

Greetings

Everytime when we meet someone we greet them by saying வணக்கம் (Vanakkam).
  • Good Morning – காலை வணக்கம் – Kaalai Vanakkam
  • Good Evening – மாலை வணக்கம் – Maalai Vanakkam
  • Hi Friend – வணக்கம் நண்பரே – Vanakkam Nanbare
  • Hi Brother – வணக்கம் சகோதரா – Vanakkam Sagothara
  • While leaving the place we should say, Good Bye – சென்று வருகிறேன் – Sendru Varugiren
  • Wishes Good Luck – நல்லது – Nallathu
  • Happy Birthday – பிறந்த நாள் வாழ்த்துக்கள் – Pirantha Naal Vaazhthukal
  • Happy New Year – இனிய புத்தாண்டு வாழ்த்துக்கள் – Iniya Puthaandu Vaazhthukal
  • Congratulations – பாராட்டுக்கள் – Paaraatukal
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