Chinese Classroom:Essential Expressions

Chinese Essential Expressios

English	Chinese
Hello	你好 – nǐhǎo
Good evening	晚上好 – wǎnshànghǎo
Goodbye	再见 – zàijiàn
See you later	回头见 – huí tóu jiàn
Yes	是 – shì
No	不是 – búshì
Excuse me!	请 – qǐng
Thanks	谢谢 – xièxiè
Thanks a lot	非常感谢！ – fēicháng gǎnxiè
Thank you for your help	谢谢您的帮助 – xièxiè nínde bāngzhù
Don’t mention it	没关系 – méiguànxì
Ok	好 – hǎo
How much is it?	多少钱？ – duōshǎo qián
Sorry!	对不起！ – duì bu qǐ
I don’t understand	我不懂 – wǒ bù dǒng
I get it	我懂了 – wǒ dǒng le
I don’t know	我不知道 – wǒ bù zhīdào
Forbidden	禁止 – jìnzhǐ
Excuse me, where are the toilets?	请问洗手间在哪里？ – qǐngwèn xǐshǒujiān zài nǎli
Happy New Year!	新年好！ – xīnnián hǎo
Happy birthday!	生日快乐！ – shēngrìkuàilè
Happy holiday!	节日快乐！ – jiérì kuàilè
Congratulations!	祝贺您！ – zhùhè nín

Chinese Conversations

English	Chinese
Hello. How are you?	你好。最近怎么样？ – nǐhǎo zuìjìn zěnmeyàng
Hello. I’m fine, thank you	我很好，谢谢。 – wǒ hěn hǎo xièxiè
Do you speak Chinese?	你会说中文吗? – nǐ huì shuō Zhōngwén ma?
No, I don’t speak Chinese	不, 我不会说中文 – bù wǒ bù huì shuōzhòng wén
Only a little bit	仅仅一点点 – jǐnjǐn yīdiǎndiǎn
Where do you come from?	你来自哪个国家？ – nǐ láizì nǎge guójiā
What is your nationality?	你持有哪国国籍？ – nǐ chíyǒu nǎ guó guójí
I am English	我是英国人 – wǒ shì Yīngguórén
And you, do you live here?	你住在这里吗？ – nǐ zhùzài zhèlǐ ma
Yes, I live here	对，我住在这里 – duì wǒ zhùzài zhèlǐ
My name is Sarah, what’s your name?	我叫萨拉，你呢？ – wǒ jiào sà lā nǐ ne
Julian	我叫朱力安 – wǒ jiào zhū lì ān
What are you doing here?	你在这里干什么？ – nǐ zài zhèlǐ gànshénme
I am on holiday	我在休假 – wǒ zài xiūjià
We are on holiday	我们在休假 – wǒmen zài xiūjià
I am on a business trip	我在出差 – wǒ zài chūchāi
I work here	我在这里工作 – wǒ zài zhèlǐ gōngzuò
We work here	我们在这里工作 – wǒmen zài zhèlǐ gōngzuò
Where are the good places to go out and eat?	哪里有比较好的餐厅？ – nǎli yǒu bǐjiào hǎo de cāntīng
Is there a museum in the neighbourhood?	附近有博物馆吗？ – fùjìn yǒu bówùguǎn ma
Where could I get an internet connection?	到哪里能上网？ – dào nǎli néng shàngwǎng

My Family

English	Chinese
Do you have family here?	你这儿有亲戚吗？ – nǐ zhèr yǒu qīnqi ma
My father	我的父亲 – wǒde fùqīn
My mother	我的母亲 – wǒde mǔqīn
My son	我的儿子 – wǒde érzi
My daughter	我的女儿 – wǒde nǚer
A brother	一个哥哥 – yī gè gēgē
Younger brother	弟弟 – yi gè dìdì
a sister	一个姐姐 – yī gè jiějiě
Younger sister	妹妹 – yi gè mèimei
a friend	一个朋友 – yī gè péngyou
My boyfriend	我的男朋友 – wǒde nánpéngyou
My girlfriend	我的女朋友 – wǒde nǚpéngyou
My husband	我的丈夫 – wǒde zhàngfu
My wife	我的妻子 – wǒde qīzi

Emergency

English	Chinese
Can you help me, please?	能帮我一下吗？ – néng bāng wǒ yīxià ma
I’m lost	我迷路了 – wǒ mílù le
What would you like?	您需要帮忙吗？ – nín xūyào bāngmāng ma
What happened?	发生了什么事？ – fāshēng le shénme shì
Where could I find an interpreter?	在哪里能找到翻译？ – zài nǎli néng zhǎodào fānyì
Where is the nearest chemist’s shop?	最近的药房在哪里？ – zuìjìn de yàofáng zài nǎli
Can you call a doctor, please	请问您能帮我找个医生吗？ – qǐngwèn nín néng bāng wǒ zhǎo gè yīshēng ma
Which kind of treatment are you undergoing at the moment?	目前您正接受什么治疗？ – mùqián nín zhèng jiēshòu shénme zhìliáo
a hospital	一所医院 – yī suǒ yīyuàn
a chemist’s	一家药房 – yī jiā yàofáng
a doctor	一位医生 – yī wèi yīshēng
Medical department	医疗服务 – yīliáo fúwù
I lost my papers	我的证件丢了 – wǒde zhèngjiàn diū le
My papers have been stolen	我的证件被偷了 – wǒde zhèngjiàn bèi tōu le
Lost-property office	失物招领处 – shī wù zhāo lǐng chù
First-aid station	医务室 – yīwù shì
Emergency exit	紧急出口 – jǐnjí chūkǒu
The police	警察局 – jǐngchájú
Papers	身份证件 – shēn fèn zhèngjiàn
Money	钱 – qián
Passport	护照 – hùzhào
Luggage	行李 – xíngli
I’m ok, thanks	不用了，谢谢你 – búyòng le xièxiè nǐ
Leave me alone!	别烦我！ – bié fán wǒ
Go away!	走开！ – zǒukāi

Numbers

English	Chinese
Zero	零 – líng
One	一 – yī
Two	二 – èr
Three	三 – sān
Four	四 – sì
Five	五 – wǔ
Six	六 – liù
Seven	七 – qī
Eight	八 – bā
Nine	九 – jiǔ
Ten	十 – shí
Eleven	十一 – shíyī
Twelve	十二 – shí’èr
Thirteen	十三 – shísān
Fourteen	十四 – shísì
Fifteen	十五 – shíwǔ
Sixteen	十六 – shíliù
Seventeen	十七 – shíqī
Eighteen	十八 – shíbā
Nineteen	十九 – shíjiǔ
Twenty	二十 – èrshí
Twenty-one	二十一 – èrshíyī
Twenty-two	二十二 – èrshíèr
Twenty-three	二十三 – èrshísān
Twenty-four	二十四 – èrshísì
Twenty-five	二十五 – èrshíwǔ
Twenty-six	二十六 – èrshíliù
Twenty-seven	二十七 – èrshíqī
Twenty-eight	二十八 – èrshíbā
Twenty-nine	二十九 – èrshíjiǔ
Thirty	三十 – sānshí
Thirty-one	三十一 – sānshí yī
Thirty-two	三十二 – sānshí èr
Thirty-three	三十三 – sānshí sān
Thirty-four	三十四 – sānshí sì
Thirty-five	三十五 – sānshí wǔ
Thirty-six	三十六 – sānshí liù
Forty	四十 – sìshí
Fifty	五十 – wǔshí
Sixty	六十 – liùshí
Seventy	七十 – qīshí
Eighty	八十 – bāshí
Ninety	九十 – jiǔshí
One hundred	一百 – yībǎi
A hundred and five	一百零五 – yībǎi líng wǔ
Two hundred	二百 – èrbǎi
Three hundred	三百 – sānbǎi
Four hundred	四百 – sìbǎi
A thousand	一千 – yīqiān
A thousand five hundred	一千五百 – yīqiān wǔbǎi
Two thousand	二千 – èrqiān
Ten thousand	一万 – yīwàn

At Restaurant

English	Chinese
The restaurant	餐馆 – cānguǎn
Would you like to eat?	你想吃点东西吗？ – nǐ xiǎng chī diǎn dōngxi ma
Yes, with pleasure	是的，我想吃点东西 – shìde wǒ xiǎng chī diǎn dōngxi
To eat	吃饭 – chīfàn
Where can we eat?	我们到哪里去吃饭？ – wǒmen dào nǎli qù chīfàn
Where can we have lunch?	我们到哪里去吃午饭？ – wǒmen dào nǎli qù chī wǔfàn
Dinner	晚餐 – wǎncān
Breakfast	早餐 – zǎocān
Excuse me!	对不起，打扰一下！ – duìbuqǐ dǎrǎo yīxià
The menu, please	请给我菜单 – qǐng gěi wǒ càidān
Here is the menu	这是菜单！ – zhè shì càidān
What do you prefer to eat? Meat or fish?	你喜欢吃什么？肉还是鱼？ – nǐ xǐhuān chī shénme ròu háishi yú
With rice	再加饭 – zài jiā fàn
With pasta	再加意大利面 – zài jiā Yìdàlì miàn
Potatoes	土豆 – tǔdòu
Vegetables	蔬菜 – shūcài
Scrambled eggs – fried eggs – or a boiled egg	炒蛋-荷包蛋-还是白煮蛋？ – chǎo dàn hébāodàn háishi bái zhǔ dàn
Bread	面包 – miànbāo
Butter	黄油 – huángyóu
Salad	一份色拉 – yī fèn sè lā
Dessert	一份甜点 – yī fèn tián diǎn
Fruit	水果 – shuǐguǒ
Can I have a knife, please?	请问您有刀吗？ – qǐngwèn nín yǒu dāo ma
Yes, I’ll bring it to you right away	有，我马上去拿 – yǒu wǒ mǎshàng qù ná
a knife	刀 – dāo
a fork	叉 – chā
a spoon	勺子 – sháozi
Is it a warm dish?	这是热菜吗？ – zhè shì rè cài ma
Yes, very hot also!	是的，而且很辣！ – shìde érqiě hěn là
Warm	热 – rè
Cold	冷 – lěng
Hot	辣 – là
I’ll have fish	我要一份鱼！ – wǒ yào yī fèn yú
Me too	我也一样 – wǒ yě yīyàng

What you Feel:

English	Chinese
I really like your country	我很喜欢你的国家 – wǒ hěn xǐhuān nǐde guójiā
I love you	我喜欢你 – wǒxǐhuānnǐ
I am happy	我很幸福 – wǒ hěn xìngfú
I am sad	我很难过 – wǒ hěn nánguò
I feel great here	我在这里感觉很好 – wǒ zài zhèlǐ gǎnjué hěn hǎo
I am cold	我很冷 – wǒ hěn lěng
I am hot	我很热 – wǒ hěn rè
It’s too big	太大了 – tài dà le
It’s too small	太小了 – tài xiǎo le
It’s perfect	非常好 – fēicháng hǎo
Do you want to go out tonight?	今晚你想出去吗？ – jīn wǎn nǐ xiǎng chūqù ma
I would like to go out tonight	我今晚想出去 – wǒ jīn wǎn xiǎng chūqù
It is a good idea	这是个好主意 – zhè shì gè hǎo zhǔyì
I want to have fun	我想好好玩玩 – wǒ xiǎng hǎo hǎowán wán
It is not a good idea	这不是个好主意 – zhè búshì gè hǎo zhǔyì
I don’t want to go out tonight	今晚我不想出去 – jīn wǎn wǒ bù xiǎng chūqù
I want to rest	我想休息 – wǒ xiǎng xiūxi
Would you like to do some sport?	你想做运动吗？ – nǐ xiǎng zuò yùndòng ma
Yes, I need to relax	是的，我想好好放松一下！ – shìde wǒ xiǎng hǎo hǎo fàngsōng yīxià
I play tennis	我打网球 – wǒ dǎ wǎngqiú
No thanks. I am tired already	不，谢谢，我很累 – bù, xièxiè wǒ hěn lèi

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Hindi Classroom:Present Tense

Classroom - Hindi / By Vaikundamoni

Present Tense

The present tense are simple statements about what is happening now, examples: “I read.” “He writes.” “They shop.” etc. The conjugation of the verb will change depending up three things: 1) The “person” of the subject. Is the subject first person. Are you talking about “I” or “We”. Or is the subject second person, i.e. “you”. Or is the subject third person, i.e. “He” or “them” 2) Is the subject plural or singular? 3) Is the subject masculine, feminine, or a combination of the two. Remember that in Hindi, every noun has a “gender”, and the appropriate form of the verb needs to be used to match that gender. But before we get to the different forms of the present tense verb for masculine subjects, let us talk about the “root” of a verb. If you were to look up a verb in the dictionary, it would be in its “infinitive” form. Here are the verbs we will be using for the these four sessions on the present tense verbs: पढ़ना (pardnaa) – to read लिखना (likhanaa) – to write कहना (kahanaa) – to say खाना (khaanaa) – to eat जाना (jaanaa) – to go आना (aanaa) – to come सीखना (siikhana) – to learn सुनना (sunanaa) – to listen Notice how all the words end in -ना (-naa)? Remove that part, and you have the root of the verb. It is the root that endings are added to for each different case. The root of the verb “to read” पढ़ना (pardnaa) is पढ़ (pard). Identify the root of each of the other verbs. I will give you the answers tomorrow. First Person Singular The first person singular refers to “I”, the person that is speaking. “I” in Hindi is “मैं (main)”. There is a helper verb for मैं (main) is हूँ (huun). You will want to remember this combination मैं (main) goes with हूँ (huun). Now for the present tense, singular, first person, masculine subjects, you take the root of the verb and add “ता (ta)” and insert it between the मैं (main) goes with हूँ (huun). For example: I read. मैं पढ़ता हूँ। (main pardta huun). Take the other verbs above and create the sentences: I say. (Where I refers to a male speaker.) I eat. I go. I come I learn. I listen. We will give you the answers in the next three podcasts. Plural The plural first person is “We” (masculine) which is “हम (ham)”. This always goes with “हैं (hain)”. Remember this pair “हम (ham)” and “हैं (hain)”. Now for the plural form of the verb, we need to take the root and add “ते (te)”. For example: We read. हम पढ़ते हैं। (ham pardte hain.) Now try to create the masculine, first person, plural forms of each of the verbs given above. Second Person The second person can be a little confusing. There are three versions of you. तू (tuu), तुम (tum), and आप (aap). All three of which can be used when talking to a single person. The first one “तू (tuu)” is grammatically singular and is the least formal. It would be used when talking to your child, for instance. The other two तुम (tum), and आप (aap) are grammatically plural. The most polite version is आप (aap). You will want to remember these combinations of the three “you” pronouns and the helper verbs. तू (tuu) and है (hai) तुम (tum) and हो (ho) आप (aap) and हैं (hain) Now in the present tense, the singular masculine is the verb root with “ता (ta)” added. And the plural case is the root with “ते (te)” added. The various forms of “I read.” are as follows: तू पढ़ता है (tuu pardta hai) तुम पढ़ते हो (tum pardte ho) आप पढ़ते हैं (aap pardte hain) Now try to use the verbs mentioned above to create these three different types of “You (blank)” sentences. We will review the answers in the upcoming podcasts. Third Person Singular The masculine third person singular includes the pronouns he, it, and this. All of these are वह (vah). The helper verb is है (hai). So remember this combination वह (vah) and है (hai). Here is an example: He reads. वह पढ़ता है। (vah pardta hai) Now you try creating similar sentences using the verbs above. Plural The third person plural includes these and they. Which is “वे (ve)”. And the helper verb is “हैं (hain)”. They read. वे पढ़ते हैं। (ve pardte hain). Review of masculine form First get the “root” of the verb by remove “-ना (-naa)”. If the subject is masculine singular, then add “ता (ta)” to the end. If the subject is masculine and plural add “ते (te)”. Now you just need to know the “helper” verb for the pronoun you want to use. These pairings are the same for the feminine form of the present tense that we are covering today. masculine – first person – singular I [verb] = मैं [verb] हूँ। (main [verb] huun) example: I read. मैं पढ़ता हूँ। (main pardta huun). masculine – first person – plural We [verb] = हम [verb] हैं। (ham [verb] hain.) example: We read. हम पढ़ते हैं। (ham pardte hain.) masculine – second person The second person can be a little confusing. There are three versions of you. तू (tuu), तुम (tum), and आप (aap). All three of which can be used when talking to a single person. The first one “तू (tuu)” is grammatically singular and is the least formal. It would be used when talking to your child, for instance. The other two तुम (tum), and आप (aap) are grammatically plural. The most polite version is आप (aap). You will want to remember these combinations of the three “you” pronouns and the helper verbs. तू (tuu) and है (hai) तुम (tum) and हो (ho) आप (aap) and हैं (hain) Now in the present tense, the singular masculine is the verb root with “ता (ta)” added. And the plural case is the root with “ते (te)” added. The various forms of “I read.” are as follows: तू पढ़ता है (tuu pardta hai) तुम पढ़ते हो (tum pardte ho) आप पढ़ते हैं (aap pardte hain) masculine – third person – singular He [verb]. वह [verb] है। (vah [verb] hai) example: He reads. वह पढ़ता है। (vah pardta hai) masculine – third person – plural They [verb]. वे [verb] हैं। (ve [verb] hain). example: They read. वे पढ़ते हैं। (ve pardte hain). Feminine Present Tense After understanding the masculine version, the feminine form will be easy. Take the root of the verb and add “ती (thii)” for both the singular and plural forms. Here is an example using पढ़ना (pardnaa) – to read. I read. (female speaker) मैं पढ़ती हूँ। (main pardtii huun). We read. (referring to a group of females) हम पढ़ती हैं। (ham pardtii hain.) You read. (referring to a female) Three versions: तू पढ़ती है (tuu pardtii hai) तुम पढ़ती हो (tum pardtii ho) आप पढ़ती हैं (aap pardtii hain) (This is the most formal.. If in doubt, use this form.) She reads. वह पढ़ती है। (vah pardtii hai) They read. वे पढ़ती हैं। (ve pardtii hain). (for a group of females) In order to form the present tense, you must remember these combination of pronouns and helper verbs: I [verb] = मैं [verb] हूँ। (main [verb] huun) We [verb] = हम [verb] हैं। (ham [verb] hain.) You [verb] (very informal) = तू [verb] है (tuu [verb] hai) (use the singular form of the verb) You [verb] (informal) = तुम [verb] हो (tum [verb] ho) (use the plural form of the verb) You [verb] (formal) = आप [verb] हैं (aap [verb] hain) (use the plural form of the verb) He/She/It [verb]. वह [verb] है। (vah [verb] hai) They [verb]. वे [verb] हैं। (ve [verb] hain). You must also learn three rules: 1) If the subject is masculine and singular take the root of the verb and add “ता (ta)” 2) If the subject is masculine and plural take the root of the verb and add “ते (te)” 3) If the subject is feminine take the root of the verb and add “ती (tii)” Example using लिखना (likhanaa) – to write Masculine forms I write = मैं लिखता हूँ। (main likhata huun) We write = हम लिखते हैं। (ham likhate hain.) You write (very informal) = तू लिखता है (tuu likhata hai) (use the singular form of the verb) You write (informal) = तुम लिखते हो (tum likhate ho) (use the plural form of the verb) You write (formal) = आप लिखते हैं (aap likhate hain) (use the plural form of the verb) He writes . वह लिखता है। (vah likhata hai) They write. वे लिखते हैं। (ve likhate hain). Feminine forms I write. = मैं लिखती हूँ। (main likhataii huun) We write = हम लिखती हैं। (ham likhataii hain.) You write (very informal) = तू लिखती है | (tuu likhataii hai) (use the singular form of the verb) You write (informal) = तुम लिखती हो | (tum likhataii ho) (use the plural form of the verb) You write (formal) = आप लिखती हैं | (aap likhataii hain) (use the plural form of the verb) She writes . वह लिखती है। (vah likhataii hai) They write. वे लिखती हैं। (ve likhataii hain). Here is another example using कहना (kahanaa) – to say Masculine forms I say = मैं कहता हूँ। (main kahata huun) We say = हम कहते हैं। (ham kahate hain.) You say (very informal) = तू कहता है (tuu kahata hai) (use the singular form of the verb) You say (informal) = तुम कहते हो (tum kahate ho) (use the plural form of the verb) You say (formal) = आप कहते हैं (aap kahate hain) (use the plural form of the verb) He says . वह कहता है। (vah kahata hai) They say. वे कहते हैं। (ve kahate hain). Feminine forms I say. = मैं कहती हूँ। (main kahatii huun) We say = हम कहती हैं। (ham kahatii hain.) You say (very informal) = तू कहती है | (tuu kahatii hai) (use the singular form of the verb) You say (informal) = तुम कहती हो |(tum kahatii ho) (use the plural form of the verb) You say (formal) = आप कहती हैं |(aap kahatii hain) (use the plural form of the verb) She says. वह कहती है। (vah kahatii hai) They say. वे कहती हैं। (ve kahatii hain). खाना (khaanaa) – to eat Masculine forms I eat. = मैं खाता हूँ। (main khaata huun) We eat. = हम खाते हैं। (ham khaate hain.) You eat. (very informal) = तू खाता है। (tuu khaata hai) (use the singular form of the verb) You eat. (informal) = तुम खाते हो। (tum khaate ho) (use the plural form of the verb) You eat. (formal) = आप खाते हैं। (aap khaate hain) (use the plural form of the verb) He eats. वह खाता है। (vah khaata hai) They eat. वे खाते हैं। (ve khaate hain). Feminine forms I eat. = मैं खाती हूँ। (main khaathii huun) We eat. = हम खाती हैं। (ham khaathii hain.) You eat. (very informal) = तू खाती है। (tuu khaathii hai) (use the singular form of the verb) You eat. (informal) = तुम खाती हो। (tum khaathii ho) (use the plural form of the verb) You eat. (formal) = आप खाती हैं। (aap khaathii hain) (use the plural form of the verb) She eats. वह खाती है। (vah khaathii hai) They eat. वे खाती हैं। (ve khaathii hain). जाना (jaanaa) – to go Masculine forms I go. = मैं जाता हूँ। (main jaata huun) We go. = हम जाते हैं। (ham jaate hain.) You go. (very informal) = तू जाता है। (tuu jajaata hai) (use the singular form of the verb) You go. (informal) = तुम जाते हो। (tum jaate ho) (use the plural form of the verb) You go. (formal) = आप जाते हैं। (aap jaate hain) (use the plural form of the verb) He goes. वह जाता है। (vah jaata hai) They go. वे जाते हैं। (ve jaate hain). Feminine forms I go. = मैं जाती हूँ। (main jaatii huun) We go. = हम जाती हैं। (ham jaatii hain.) You go. (very informal) = तू जाती है। (tuu jaatii hai) (use the singular form of the verb) You go. (informal) = तुम जाती हो। (tum jaatii ho) (use the plural form of the verb) You go. (formal) = आप जाती हैं। (aap jaatii hain) (use the plural form of the verb) She goes. वह जाती है। (vah jaatii hai) They go. वे जाती हैं। (ve jaatii hain). आना (aanaa) – to come Masculine forms I come. = मैं आता हूँ। (main aanta huun) We come. = हम आते हैं। (ham aante hain.) You come. (very informal) = तू आता है। (tuu aanta hai) (use the singular form of the verb) You come. (informal) = तुम आते हो। (tum aante ho) (use the plural form of the verb) You come. (formal) = आप आते हैं। (aap aante hain) (use the plural form of the verb) He comes. वह आता है। (vah aanta hai) They come. वे आते हैं। (ve aante hain). Feminine forms I come. = मैं आती हूँ। (main aatii huun) We come. = हम आती हैं। (ham aatii hain.) You come. (very informal) = तू आती है। (tuu aatii hai) (use the singular form of the verb) You come. (informal) = तुम आती हो। (tum aatii ho) (use the plural form of the verb) You come. (formal) = आप आती हैं। (aap aatii hain) (use the plural form of the verb) She comes. वह आती है। (vah aatii hai) They come. वे आती हैं। (ve aatii hain).]]>

Hindi Classroom:Verbs

Classroom - Hindi / By Vaikundamoni

Hindi Verbs

English	Hindi	Pronunciation
to eat		khaanaa
to drink		piinaa
to sit		beithnaa
to stand		kharde rahnaa
to play		khelnaa
to walk		chalnaa
to run		dourdna
to jump		kuudnaa
to swim		teirnaa
to dance		naachnaa
to read		pardhnaa
to write		likhnaa
to sleep		sonaa

English	Hindi	Pronunciation
to smile		muskaraanaa
to laugh		hansnaa
to cry		ronaa
to weep		ronaa
to throw		phenknaa
to catch		jhelnaa
to kick		thokar maarnaa
to shoot		banduuk chalaanaa
to yawn		jamhaaii lenaa
to clap		taalii bajaanaa
to box		mukkebaajii karnaa
to cook		rasoii banaanaa

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Hindi Classroom:Hindi Phrases

Classroom - Hindi / By Vaikundamoni

Hindi Phrases

English Phrases	Hindi Phrases

English Greetings	Hindi Greetings:
Hi!	Namastey! नमस्ते
Good morning!	Suprabhaat सुप्रभात
Good evening!	Shubh sundhyaa. शुभ संध्या
Welcome! (to greet someone)	Aapka swaagat hai! आपका स्वागत हैं।
How are you?	Aap kaisey hain? आप कैसे हैं ?
I’m fine, thanks!	Mein theek hoon, shukriya! मैं ठीक हुँ ।
And you?	Aur aap? और आप?
Good/ So-So.	Accha/ Theek-thaak अच्छा/ ठीक-ठाक
Thank you (very much)!	Shukriyaa (Bahut dhanyavaad) शुक्रीया (बहुत धन्यवाद)
You’re welcome! (for “thank you”)	* *
Hey! Friend!	Arrey, Dost!. अरे, दोस्त
I missed you so much!	Mujhey aapkee bahut yaad aaee.? मुझे आपकी बहुत याद आयी।
What’s new?	Kyaa chal rahaa hai?; क्या चल रहा हैं?
Nothing much	Zyaada kuch nahi ज्यादा कुछ नहीं ।
Good night!	Shubh raatri. शुभ रात्री।
See you later!	Phir milen-gay.! अलविदा।
Good bye!	Alvida! अलविदा।
Asking for Help and Directions
I’m lost	Hum kho gaye hain. हम खो गये हैं ।
Can I help you?	Kya mein aapki madad kar sakta/ sakti (female) hoon? क्या मैं आपकी मदद कर सकता /सकती हुँ ।
Can you help me?	Kya aap meri madad kar saktey hain? क्या आप मेरी मदद कर सकते हैं ।
Where is the (bathroom/ pharmacy)?	śaucaghara/ pharmacy kahaan hai? शौचघर/ फार्मेसी कहां है
Go straight! then turn left/ right!	Seedhey jaaey! Phir bānyae/ dānyae mudiye सीधे जाएँ-फिर बाएँ-दाएँ मुडिए ।
I’m looking for john.	Mein John ko dhoondh rahaa/ rahi (female) hoon. मैं जोन को ढुँढ रहा-रही हुँ ।
One moment please!	Ek minat… एक मिनट
Hold on please! (phone)	Ek minat… एक मिनट
How much is this?	Yeh kaisey diyaa? यह कैसे दिया ।
Excuse me …! (to ask for something)	Kshama keejeeae… क्षमा कीजिए ।
Excuse me! ( to pass by)	Kshama keejeeae… क्षमा कीजिए ।
Come with me!	Mere saath aaeeyé! मेरे साथ आइए ।

How to Introduce Yourself

Do you speak (English/ Hindi)?	Kyaa aap (angrézee/hindi) mein baat kar saktey hain? क्या आप (अंग्रेजी-हिंदी) में बात कर सकते हैं
Just a little.	Bus thodaasaa. बस थोडासा
What’s your name?	Aapka naam kyaa hai? आपका नाम क्या है
My name is …	Meraa naam …hai. मेरा नाम….. है ।
Mr…/ Mrs.…/ Miss…	Shree../Shreematee…/Kumaari…/Kumar (Master) श्री-श्रीमती-कुमारी-कुमार
Nice to meet you!	Aapsey milkar khushi huee! आपसे मिलकर खुशी हुई ।
You’re very kind!	Aap bahut dayaloo hain! आप बहुत दयालू हैं ।
Where are you from?	Aap kahaan sey hain? आप कहाँ से हैं ।
I’m from (the U.S/ India)	Mein (amerika/ bhārata) se hoon. मैं (अम्रीका-भारत) से हुँ ।
I’m (American)	Mein amrikan hoon. मैं अम्रीकन हुँ ।
Where do you live?	Aap kahaan rehtey hain? आप कहाँ रहते हैं
I live in (the U.S/ India)	Mein (US/ bhārata) mein rehtaa/ rehtee (female) hoon. मैं (US-भारत) में रहता-रहती हुँ ।
Did you like it here?	Kyaa aap ko yahaan accha lagtaa hai? क्या आपको यहाँ अच्छा लगता है
India is a wonderful country	Bharat ek adbhut desh hai भारत एक अद्भुत देश है ।
What do you do for a living?	Aap kyaa kaam kartey hain? आप क्या काम करते हैं
I work as a (translator/ businessman)	Mera apnaa vyaapaar hai (I have my own business) मेरा अपना व्यापार है ।
I like Hindi	Mujhey Hindi bhaashaa acchee lagtee hai. मुझे हिंदी भाषा अच्छी लगती है।
I’ve been learning Hindi for 1 month	Main ek maheeney sey Hindi seekh raha/ rahee (female) hoon. मैं एक महीनेसे हिंदी सीख रहा-रही हुँ ।
Oh! That’s good!	Yeh accha hai! यह अच्छा है ।
How old are you?	Aapkee umar kyaa hai? आपकी उमर क्या है
I’m (twenty, thirty…) years old.	Mein (bees, tees…) saal ka hoon/ ki hoon (female) मैं (बीस, तीस) साल का हुँ- की हुँ ।
I have to go	Mujhey jaana hogaa मुझे जाना होगा ।
I will be right back!	Mein turant laut key aaoongaa/ aaoongi (female) मैं तुरंत लौट के आऊँगा-आऊँगी ।
Wish Someone Something
Good luck!	Shubh Kaamnaayein शुभ कामनाएँ
Happy birthday!	Janamdin kee shubhaechaen जनमदिन की शुभेच्छाएँ
Happy new year!	Naaey saal kee shubhaechaen नए साल की शुभेच्छाएँ
Merry Christmas!	Christmas kee badhaaeeyaan क्रिसमस की बधाइयाँ
Congratulations!	Badhaaee ho! बधाई हो
Enjoy! (for meals…)	Bhog keejeeae भोग कीजिए
I’d like to visit India one day	Mein kabhi Bharat jaana chahoongaa/ chahoongi (female) मैं भी भारत जाना चाहुँगा- चाहुँगी ।
Say hi to John for me	John ko meri taraf sey namastey kehna. जोन को मेरी तरफ से नमस्ते कहना ।
Bless you (when sneezing)	(No expression)
Good night and sweet dreams!	Shubh raatri शुभ रात्री ।
Solving a Misunderstanding
I’m Sorry! (if you don’t hear something)	Kyaa aap issey dohraa saktey hain? क्या आप इसे दोहरा सकते हैं
Sorry (for a mistake)	Kshamaa/ maafee chaahta/ chaahti (female) hu. क्षमा- माफी चाहता/ चाहती हुँ
No Problem!	Koee baat nuhee कोई बात नहीं ।
Can You Say It Again?	Kyaa aap issey dohraa saktey hain? क्या आप इसे दोहरा सकते हैं
Can You Speak Slowly?	Kyaa aap dheerae baat karengae? क्या आप धीरे बात करेंगे
Write It Down Please!	Kripaya karkey yeh likkh deejeeae. कृपया करके यह लिख दीजिए ।
I Don’t Understand!	Mujhey samajh mein nahi aataa. मुझे समझ में नहीं आता ।
I Don’t Know!	Mujhey nahi maloom मुझे नहीं मालूम ।
I Have No Idea.	Mujhey iss cheez kaa kuchh pata nahi hai मुझे इस चीज का कुछ पता नहीं है ।
What’s That Called In Hindi?	Issey Hindi mein kyaa kahtey hain? इसे हिंदी में क्या कहते हैं ।
What Does “gato” Mean In English?	Angrezi mein “maloom” ka kyaa arth hoga? अंग्रेजी में“मालूम” का क्या अर्थ होगा ।
How Do You Say “Please” In Hindi?	Hindi mein “please” kaisey kahtey hain? हिंदी में “प्लीज” कैसे कहते हैं
What Is This?	Yeh kyaa hai? हिंदी में इसे क्या कहते हैं
My Hindi is bad.	Meri Hindi kucch khaas nahi hai. मेरी हिंदी कुछ खास नहीं है ।
I need to practice my Hindi	Mujey Hindi ka or abhyaas karnaa hogaa मुझे हिंदी का और अभ्यास करना होगा ।
Don’t worry!	Chinta mat karo! चिंता मत करो ।
Hindi Expressions and Words
Good/ Bad/ So-So.	Accha/ Boora/ Theek-thaak अच्छा-बूरा-(ठीक-ठाक)
Big/ Small	Bada Chhota बडा-छोटा
Today/ Now	Aaj/ Abhi आज-अभी
Tomorrow/ Yesterday	Kal/ Kal कल-कल
Yes/ No	Haan/ Naa or Nuhi हाँ- ना-नहीं
Here you go! (when giving something)	Ye leejeeay (polite)/ Ye lo यह लीजीए- यह लो
Do you like it?	Kyaa aap ko yeh accha lagta hai? क्या आपको यह अच्छा लगता है
I really like it!	Mujhey yeh bahut accha lagta hai मुझे यह बहुत अच्छा लगता है।
I’m hungry/ thirsty.	Mujhey bhookh lagi hai/ Mujhey pyaas lagi hai मुझे भूक लगी है।
In The Morning/ Evening/ At Night.	Subah ko/ Shaam ko/ Raat ko सुबह को- शाम को-रात को
This/ That. Here/There	Yeh/ woh. Yahaan/ wahaan यह-वह-यहाँ-वहाँ
Me/ You. Him/ Her.	Hum/ Tum. Voh/ Voh हम-तुम-वह-वह
Really!	Such mein? सच में
Look!	Dekkho! देखो
Hurry up!	Jaldi karo! जल्दी करो
What? Where?	Kyaa? Kahaan? क्या? कहां?
What time is it?	Kitney bajey hain? कितने बजे हैं ?
It’s 10 o’clock. 07:30pm.	Dus bajey hain. Shyaam ke Saat buj kar tees minat hue hain. दस बजे हैं, शाम के सात बज कर तीस मिनट हुए हैं
Give me this!	Mujhey ye cheez chaaheeye! मुझे यह चीज़ चाहिए।
I love you!	Mei tumsey pyaar kartaa/ karti (female) hu! मैं तुमसे प्यार करता/ करती हुँ।
I feel sick.	Meri Tabiyut kharaab hai. मेरी तबीयत खराब है।
I need a doctor	Mujhey Doctor kee zaroorat hai मुझे डाक्टर की जरुरत है।
One, Two, Three	Ek, Dow, Teen एक, दो, तीन
Four, Five, Six	Chaar, paanch, chhey चार, पांच, छः
Seven, Eight, Nine, Ten	Saat, Aath, Nao, Dus सात, आठ, नौ, दस

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Imperfect French Past Tense

Classroom - French / By Vaikundamoni

Imperfect French Past Tense

The French imperfect (imparfait) is a descriptive past tense which indicates an ongoing state of being or a repeated or incomplete action. The beginning and end of the state of being or action are not indicated, and the imperfect is very often translated in English as “was” or “was ___-ing.” The imperfect can indicate any of the following: I. Habitual actions or states of being Quand j’étais petit, nous allions à la plage chaque semaine. When I was young, we used to go to the beach every week. If I had some money, I would go with you. S’il voulait venir, il trouverait le moyen. If he wanted to come, he would find a way. VII. The expressions être en train de andvenir de in the past J’étais en train de faire la vaisselle. I was (in the process of) doing the dishes. Il venait d’arriver. He had just arrived.

Main Differences Between Passé Composé and Imparfait

I suggest you learn by heart the 2 sentences below. Don’t think in term of actions: actions can be in both PC or imperfect.

Imparfait = what was happening all around you (including you), background. Also ongoing events, habits, what used to be.
Passé composé = what took place at that very moment: a specific event or a succession of specific events, the main storyline.

Now let’s be more specific about the differences between Passé Composé and Imparfait:

A – Habits Versus Specific Events

The imperfect describes habitual actions in the past ≠ The PC describes what took place, specific events. Le lundi, je dînais chez ma soeur ≠ Un lundi, nous avons dîné au restaurant. On Mondays, I used to have dinner at my sister’s ≠ One Monday, we dined in a restaurant. In this case, what you need to look for are the time setting words : “le lundi” (habit) versus “un lundi”(specific).

B – When You Are Telling A Story

The passé composé describes actions that constitute the storyline. It tells the series of specific events that took place. Imagine that you are taking a selfie: the camera zooms on you and show what you are doing specifically at that very moment, and “ignore” the wider background. I took a selfie and I smiled for the picture – j’ai pris un selfie et j’ai souri pour la photo. The imperfect describes the background, it sets the scene:

the date, the time of the day, the weather, the scene (what people were doing)….. external circumstances,
age, appearance, physical traits, physical condition, feelings, attitudes…. personal circumstances.

In other words, exactly the contrary than the selfie: it’s a wide angle camera capturing the global scene: It was a grey day, people were watching a guy who was dancing. Another guy took several pictures. People were captivated – Il faisait gris, des gens regardaient un type qui dansait. Un autre type prenait des photos. Les gens étaient captivés. Of course, it’s all a question of perspective: were you smiling for your selfie when suddenly a bike ran into you? Then the smiling part would be the background… Are you the guy taking picture of the dance artist and describing the series of specific event? Then it would most likely be passé-composé. You cannot just translate. You have to understand the situation.

C – In The Same Sentence

The Imparfait describes ongoing background actions, what was happening at that time (often with a “to be + ing” construction in English) – these actions had started before, and may continue after. ≠ The PC will describe a specific action that took place at a precise time as the background action was going on: Ils sont entrés (specific event – short in length) pendant que nous dormions (ongoing action – longer in length).They came in as we were sleeping.

Sometimes, the same tense is used for the 2 actions if they are of same length: – 2 actions that went on for some time: Pendant que j’étudiais, tu regardais la télé. While I was studying, you were watching TV. – or 2 specific shorter actions: Tu es rentrée quand je suis sortie. You came in as I was going out.

Some Expressions are Usually followed by theImperfect

Some time expressions are usually followed by the imperfect since they introduce habitual events: I suggest you memorize them, it’s a big help.

le lundi, le soir, le matin… On Mondays, in the evening, in the morning…
tous les lundis (tous les matins, tous les soirs, tous les jours…) Every Monday, every morning, every evening, everyday…
chaque jour (chaque mois, chaque année…), Each day, month, year…
d’habitude, habituellement – usually, habitually
généralement, en général – in general
normalement – usually
parfois, quelques fois – sometimes
de temps en temps – from time to time
rarement – rarely, seldom
autrefois – in the past, formerly (pretty formal).

Some Expressions TEND TO be followed by the Passé Composé

Some expressions of time tend to be followed by the Passé Composé since they usually introduce specific events.

d’abord, premièrement – first
puis, ensuite – then
enfin, finalement – finally
soudain – suddenly
tout à coup – all of a sudden
tout de suite – right away

Here is a Typical Story with the Explanation for the Tenses

C’était le 3 juillet (background). Il faisait beau (background). Les oiseaux chantaient (background), le soleil brillait (background). J’avais vingt ans (background) et je me promenais dans Paris (background). Généralement (habit so imparfait will follow), je passais mes vacances avec mes parents. Mais cette année-là (specific time so PC will follow), je suis allée à Paris avec des amis. Je ne parlais pas très bien français (background), et j’étais un peu timide (background). Il était midi (background), et j’avais faim (background). Je suis allée dans un café, et je me suis assise à une table (succession of specific events/storyline). C’était un petit café typiquement parisien (background) : on entendait un air de musique à la radio (background), quelques personnes déjeunaient et parlaient tranquillement sur la terrasse (background). Le serveur est venu à ma table, et j’ai passé ma commande (succession of specific events/storyline). Le serveur est tout de suite revenu avec mon café (specific event). Pendant que j’attendais mon repas, et que je buvais tranquillement mon café (ongoing events), j’ai commencé à me sentir mal (specific event). Soudainement (introduces PC), je me suis évanouie et je suis tombée par terre (succession of specific events, storyline). Le serveur a téléphoné aux pompiers (specific event, storyline). Ils sont arrivés très vite (specific event, storyline). Je me suis réveillée (specific event), mais je me sentais encore faible (ongoing). Alors, les pompiers ont décidé (specific event/storyline) de m’emmener à l’hôpital où les médecins ont fait des tests (specific event). Je suis sortie de l’hôpital le soir (specific event) et après cette aventure, mon séjour à Paris s’est passé sans problème (specific event).

French imperfect conjugations

French imperfect conjugations are very easy, as the imperfect of virtually all verbs—regular and irregular—is formed the same way: drop the -ons ending from the present indicative nous form of the verb and adding the imperfect endings. Être is the only irregular verb in the imperfect, because the present tense nous sommeshas no -ons to drop. So it has the irregular stemét-and uses the same endings as all other verbs As in many other tenses, spelling change verbs, that is, verb which end in -cer and -ger, have minor spelling changes in the imperfect. Verbs that end in -ier have an imperfect root that ends in i, so end with double i in thenous and vous form of the imperfect. This isn’t irregular, but it looks kind of weird.

French imperfect conjugations
Here are the imperfect endings and conjugations for the regular verbs parler (to speak) and finir (to finish), the -ier verb étudier (to study), the spelling change verb manger (to eat), and the irregular verb être (to be):

Pronoun	Ending	parler > parl-	finir > finiss-	étudier > étudi-	manger > mange-	être > ét-
je (j’)	-ais	parlais	finissais	étudiais	mangeais	étais
tu	-ais	parlais	finissais	étudiais	mangeais	étais
il	-ait	parlait	finissait	étudiait	mangeait	était
nous	-ions	parlions	finissions	étudiions	mangions	étions
vous	-iez	parliez	finissiez	étudiiez	mangiez	étiez
ils	-aient	parlaient	finissaient	étudiaient	mangeaient	étaient

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Norwegian Classroom:Genitives

Classroom - Norwegian / By Vaikundamoni

Use of Genitives in Norwegian This page is about the genitive. And what’s the genitive? Answer: a grammatical form that indicates the possession of something. In English this is normally indicated by ‘s, or by a single apostrophe:

Lisa’s house
John’s car
James’ mother

But these phrases, let’s use the last one as an example, can also be said like this in English: The mother of James. In Norwegian an “-s” is added, as in English, but without the apostrophe. However, if the name is ending with an -s or an sound similar to s, only a single apostrophe is added, like in English. What now? Yes, the examples: Geirs mor = Geir‘s mother Annes hus = Anne‘s house Anders‘ biler = Anders‘ cars Note that this s-form is widely used in Norwegian, also in expressions like “The capital of Norway” (Norges hovedstad). Instead of the -s, you can add a whole word: “sin“. This is always optional, but can be especially useful when you are talking and the name is already ending with “-s”. If the object is of neuter gender, you don’t say “sin”, but “sitt“. If it’s plural you use “sine“. Compare with the adjective suffixes you just learned. Here you find them again, just with a double t. Geir sin mor = Geir‘s mother Anne sitt hus = Anne‘s house Anders sine biler = Anders‘ cars There is also a third way to express possession, which is widely used as well. It’s a bit more complex, and looks like this: Definite form of the object + “til” + The owner Mora til Geir = Geir‘s mother Huset til Anne = Anne‘s house Bilene til Anders = Anders‘ cars An important thing to note is that this third way to express genitive can only be used when a person is the owner of the object, never in expressions like “The kingdom of Norway” and “The king of Norway”. These are special, and look like this: “Kongeriket Norge” and “Kongen av Norge / Norges konge”.]]>

Norwegian Classroom: Basic Adjectives

Classroom - Norwegian / By Vaikundamoni

Basic Adjectives .

Here is a vocabulary containing some important adjectives:

good	god / bra
bad	dårlig
big	stor
small	liten
nice	fin
ugly	stygg

Note that even god gets the -t ending in neuter gender, although godt might look stupid to you. There are of course some exceptions from the adjective rules:

Bra always has the same form (oh yeah, true, a funny word for English speakers).
Adjectives ending with -lig do not get the -t suffix. The same rule is for some other words, like glad (happy) and all adjectives ending with -e.
Adjectives ending with two equal consonants lose one of them when they get the -t suffix (stygg – stygt).
Adjectives ending with a vowel do not get -e suffix, and get -tt instead of the normal -t suffix.

The adjective liten is conjugated like this:

Singular		Plural
Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
liten (m), lita (f), lite (n)	lille	små	små

The colors

Here are the names of some of the colors in Norwegian:

Grønn

Gul

Blå

Rød

Svart

Hvit

Oransje

Lilla

The colors are also adjectives, so when you describe a noun with a color, you must remember the suffixes. For example:

Et rødt hus = A red house Grønne baller = Green balls

Oransje and lilla are exceptions, and do never get any suffix. Remember that blå ends with a vowel, and therefore doesn’t take the -e suffix, and that its t-form is blått. Perhaps someday you’ll hear this on a football game in Norway: “Vi er røde, hvite, blå…” (We are red, white, blue…)

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Norwegian Classroom: Essential Phrases

Classroom - Norwegian, Learn Norwegian / By Vaikundamoni

Essential Phrases in Norwegian

God morgen Good Morning	Hallo / God dag Hello / Good Day
God kveld Good Evening	God natt Good Night
Ha det bra Goodbye	Hei / Ha det Hi / Bye
Vær så snill Please	(Tusen) Takk Thank you (very much)
Ingen årsak / Vær så god Don’t mention it / You’re welcome	Ja / Nei Yes / No
Herr / Fru / Frøken Mister / Misses	Velkommen! Welcome!
Hvordan har du det? How are you?	Hvordan går det? How it’s going?
Bra / Dårlig Good / Bad	Hva heter du? What’s your name?
Jeg heter… My name is… (I am called…)	Hyggelig å treffe deg! Pleased to meet you!
Hvor kommer du fra? Where are you from?	Jeg er fra… I’m from…
Unnskyld Excuse me / Sorry	Hvor bor du? Where do you live?
Jeg bor i… I live in…	Jeg vil gjerne ha… / Jeg skulle gjerne hatt… I would like…
Hvor gammel er du? How old are you?	Jeg er ____ år (gammel). I am ____ years (old).
Jeg vet [ikke.] I [don’t] know.	Snakker du norsk? Do you speak Norwegian?
Jeg snakker engelsk. I speak English.	Snakk langsomt Speak slowly
svensk, dansk, fransk, italiensk, spansk, tysk, nederlandsk, russisk, japansk Swedish, Danish, French, Italian, Spanish, German, Dutch, Russian, Japanese
Hva heter … på norsk? How do you say … in Norwegian?	Forstår du? Do you understand?
Jeg forstår [ikke.] I [don’t] understand.	Vær så snill å gjenta / Vennligst gjenta Please repeat
Hva er dette? What is this?	Hvor er … ? Where is … ?
Hvor mye koster dette? How much does this cost?	Jeg er sulten I’m hungry
Jeg er tørst I’m thirsty	Jeg er trett I’m tired
Jeg er syk I’m sick	Jeg tror [ikke] det I [don’t] think so
Kom inn / hit Come in / here	Ta plass Have a seat.
Stans! / Stopp! Stop!	Straks! Immediately! / Soon!
Jeg har gått meg bort I’m lost	Hjelp! Help!
Fare! Danger!	Pass på! Watch out!
Vent litt! Wait a minute!	Hvor langt er det? How far is it?
Det var synd. That’s too bad!	Velbekomme! Have a good meal!
Skål! Cheers! (toast)	Lykke til! Good luck!
Jeg elsker deg. I love you.	Jeg savner deg. I miss you.

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Norwegian Classroom:Norwegian Numbers

Classroom - Norwegian / By Vaikundamoni

Norwegian Numbers

0	null
1	en, ett	1st	første
2	to	2nd	annen, andre
3	tre	3rd	tredje
4	fire	4th	fjerde
5	fem	5th	femte
6	seks	6th	sjette
7	sju	7th	sjuende
8	åtte	8th	åttende
9	ni	9th	niende
10	ti	10th	tiende
11	elleve	11th	ellevte
12	tolv	12th	tolvte
13	tretten	13th	trettende
14	fjorten	14th	fjortende
15	femten	15th	femtende
16	seksten	16th	sekstende
17	sytten	17th	syttende
18	atten	18th	attende
19	nitten	19th	nittende
20	tjue	20th	tjuende
21	tjueen, tjueett	21st	tjueførste
22	tjueto	22nd	tjueandre
30	tretti	30th	trettiende
40	førti	40th	førtiende
50	femti	50th	femtiende
60	seksti	60th	sekstiende
70	sytti	70th	syttiende
80	åtti	80th	åttiende
90	nitti	90th	nittiende
100	hundre	100th	hundrede
1,000	tusen	1,000th	tusende
million	million
billion	milliard
trillion	billion

“Sju” can also be written “syv” (slightly more formal), and “sjuende” as “syvende.” Similarly “tjue” can be “tyve”, but this does seem less common and more formal.

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Norwegian:Essential Vocabulary

Classroom - Norwegian / By Vaikundamoni

Essential Vocabulary in Norwegian

sometimes	noen ganger / av og til	already	allerede
always	alltid	perhaps	kanskje
never	aldri	both	begge
often	ofte	some	noe(n)
usually	vanligvis	again	igjen
now	nå	between	mellom
and	og	a lot, many	mye / mange
but	men	of course	selvfølgelig / såklart
or	eller	a little	litt
very	veldig / svært	not at all	ikke i det hele tatt / slettes ikke / overhodet ikke
here	her	almost	nesten
there	der	really?	virkelig?
with	med	it is	det er
each other	hverandre	there is/are	det finnes

Question Words in Norwegian

who	hvem	how	hvordan
what	hva	how much	hvor mye
why	hvorfor	how many	hvor mange
when	når	how long	hvor lenge
where	hvor	where from	hvorfra
which	hvilken, hvilket, hvilke	what kind of	hva slags

Hvilken is used with masculine nouns, hvilket is used with neuter nouns, and hvilke is used with plural noun.

Days of the week in Norwegian

Monday	mandag	this morning	i dag morges
Tuesday	tirsdag	tomorrow morning	i morgen tidlig
Wednesday	onsdag	tomorrow afternoon	i morgen formiddag
Thursday	torsdag	tomorrow night	i morgen kveld
Friday	fredag	day after tomorrow	i overmorgen
Saturday	lørdag	tonight	i kveld
Sunday	søndag	last night	i går kveld
day	dag	yesterday	i går
morning	morgen	day before yesterday	i forgårs
afternoon	ettermiddag	week	uke
evening	kveld	next week	neste uke
night	natt	weekend	helg
today	i dag	daily	daglig
tomorrow	i morgen	weekly	ukentlig

Months of the Year in Norwegian

January	januar
February	februar
March	mars
April	april
May	mai
June	juni
July	juli
August	august
September	september
October	oktober
November	november
December	desember
month	måned
last month	forrige måned
monthly	månedlig
year	år (n)
this year	i år
last year	i fjor
yearly	årlig

Norwegian Seasons

Winter	vinter	in (the) winter	om vinteren
Spring	vår	in (the) spring	om våren
Summer	sommer	in (the) summer	om sommeren
Fall	høst	in (the) fall	om høsten

Directions in Norwegian

north	nord	northeast	nordøst
south	syd	northwest	nordvest
east	øst	southeast	sydøst
west	vest	southwest	sydvest

to the right	til høyre
to the left	til venstre
straight ahead	rett fram / frem

Frem is slightly more formal than fram.

Colours in Norwegian

orange	oransje
pink	rosa
purple	lilla
blue	blå, blått, blå
yellow	gul, gult, gule
red	rød, rødt, røde
black	svart, svart, svarte
brown	brun, brunt, brune
gray	grå, grått, grå
white	hvit, hvitt, hvite
green	grønn, grønt, grønne

The first three colors do not change according to gender or number to agree with the noun they modify. The rest of the colors must agree, however, and they are listed in masculine, neuter, and plural forms: en grønn kjole – a green dress; et blått hus – a blue house; svarte sokker – black socks.

Weather in Norwegian

How’s the weather?	Hvordan er været?	What temperature is it?	Hvor mange grader er det?
It’s cold	Det er kaldt	It’s foggy	Det er tåke
It’s warm	Det er varmt	The fog is lifting	Tåken letner
It’s beautiful	Det er pent	It’s snowing	Det snør
It’s bad	Det er dårlig	It’s raining	Det regner
It’s clearing	Det lysner	It’s going to storm	Det blir storm
It’s icy	Det er isete	There’s thunder	Det tordner
It’s windy	Det blåser	There’s lightning	Det lyner
It’s cloudy	Det er overskyet	It’s freezing (cold as ice)	Det er iskaldt
It’s humid/muggy	Det er fuktig	It’s hailing	Det hagler

Norwegian Family and People

parents	foreldre	niece	niese
mother	mor	nephew	nevø
father	far	uncle	onkel
son	sønn	aunt	tante
daughter	datter	boy	gutt
brother	bror	girl	jente, pike
sister	søster	child / baby	barn
grandfather	bestefar	adult	voksen
grandmother	bestemor	man	mann
grandson	barnebarn	woman	kvinne
granddaughter	barnebarn	friend (male)	venn
cousin (male)	fetter	friend female)	venninne
cousin (female)	kusine

Some family words have irregular indefinite plurals: mødre (mothers), fedre (fathers), sønner (sons), øtre (daughters), brødre (brothers), and søstre (sisters)

Telling Time in Norwegian

What time is it?	Hva er klokken?	now	nå
It is 2.	Klokken er to.	early	tidlig
6:20	tjue over seks	earlier	tidligere
half past 3	halv fire	soon	snart
quarter past 4	kvart over fire	late	sent
quarter to 5	kvart på fem	later	senere
10 past 11	ti over elleve	in 10 minutes	om ti minutter
20 to 7	tjue på sju	in 15 minutes	om et kvarter
noon	middag	in a half hour	om en halvtime
midnight	midnatt	in an hour	om en time
in the morning	om morgenen	right now	akkurat nå
in the evening	om kvelden	at once	med en gang
It’s exactly…	Den er nøyaktig…	immediately	straks
About/around 8.	omtrent åtte	At 8.	klokken åtte

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August 2016

Present Tense

Hindi Phrases

Imperfect French Past Tense

Main Differences Between Passé Composé and Imparfait

A – Habits Versus Specific Events

B – When You Are Telling A Story

C – In The Same Sentence

Some Expressions are Usually followed by theImperfect

Some Expressions TEND TO be followed by the Passé Composé

Here is a Typical Story with the Explanation for the Tenses

French imperfect conjugations

Basic Adjectives .

Here is a vocabulary containing some important adjectives:

Norwegian Numbers

Question Words in Norwegian

Days of the week in Norwegian

Months of the Year in Norwegian

Norwegian Seasons

Directions in Norwegian

Colours in Norwegian

Weather in Norwegian

Norwegian Family and People

Telling Time in Norwegian